«(...) while Julian was settling his line of march, and making arrangements for supplies of all kinds, his scouts come panting in, and bring him word that some squadrons of the enemy's cavalry have suddenly passed the frontier in the neighbourhood of the camp, and have driven off a large booty.
Indignant at such atrocity and at such an insult, he immediately (as indeed he had previously contemplated) put thirty thousand chosen men under the orders of Procopius, who has been already mentioned, uniting with him in this command Count Sebastian, formerly Duke of Egypt; and he ordered them to act on this side of the Tigris, observing everything vigilantly, so that no danger might arise on any side where it was not expected, for such things had frequently happened. He charged them further, if it could be done, to join King Arsaces; and march with him suddenly through Corduena and Moxoene, ravaging Chiliocomus, a very fertile district of Media, and other places; and then to rejoin him while still in Assyria, in order to assist him as he might require. (...)
(...) it was decided, that since there was no better prospect before us, to seize on Corduena; and on the 16th June we struck our camp, and at daybreak the emperor set forth, when suddenly was seen either smoke or a great cloud of dust; so that many thought it was caused by herds of wild asses, of which there are countless numbers in those regions, and who were now moving in a troop, in order by their compactness to ward off the ferocious attacks of lions.
Some, however, fancied that it was caused by the approach of the Saracen chieftains, our allies, who had heard that the emperor was besieging Ctesiphon in great force: some again affirmed that the Persians were lying in wait for us on our march.
Therefore amid all these doubtful opinions, the trumpets sounded a halt, in order to guard against any reverse, and we halted in a grassy valley near a stream, where, packing our shields in close order and in a circular figure, we pitched our camp and rested in safety. Nor, so dark did it continue till evening, could we distinguish what it was that had so long obscured the view. (...)
(...) the emperor, being disabused, had retired slowly from the territories of the enemy, he would have reached the forts of Corduena, a rich region belonging to us, only one hundred miles from the spot where these transactions were being carried on.
But Sapor obstinately demanded (to use his own language) the restoration of those territories which had been taken from him by Maximian; but as was seen in the progress of the negotiation, he in reality required, as the price of our redemption, five provinces on the other side of the Tigris,—Arzanena, Moxoena, Zabdicena, Rehomena, and Corduena, with fifteen fortresses, besides Nisibis, and Singara, and the important fortress called the camp of the Moors.
And though it would have been better to fight ten battles than to give up one of them, still a set of flatterers harassed our pusillanimous emperor with harping on the dreaded name of Procopius, and affirmed that unless we quickly recrossed the river, that chieftain, as soon as he heard of the death of Julian, would easily bring about a revolution which no one could resist, by means of the fresh troops which he had under his command. Jovian, being wrought upon by the constant reiteration of these evil counsels, without further delay gave up everything that was demanded, with this abatement, which he obtained with difficulty, that the inhabitants of Nisibis and Singara should not be given up to the Persians as well as the cities themselves; and that the Roman garrisons in the forts about to be surrendered should be permitted to retire to fortresses of our own.
To which another mischievous and unfair condition was added, that after this treaty was concluded we were not to be at liberty to assist Arsaces against the Persians, if he implored our aid, though he had always been our friend and trusty ally. And this was insisted on by Sapor for two reasons, in order that the man might be punished who had laid waste Chiliocomum at the emperor's command, and also that facility might be given for invading Armenia without a check. In consequence of this it fell out subsequently that Arsaces was taken prisoner, and that, amid different dissensions and disturbances, the Parthians laid violent hands on the greater portion of Armenia, where it borders on Media, and on the town of Artaxata.
This ignoble treaty being made, that nothing might be done during the armistice, in contravention of its terms, some men of rank were given as hostages on each side: on ours, Remora, Victor, and Bellovaedius, tribunes of distinguished legions: and on that of the enemy, one of their chief nobles named Bineses, and three other satraps of note.
So peace was made for thirty years, and ratified by solemn oaths; and we, returning by another line of march, because the parts near the river were rugged and difficult, suffered severely for want of water and provisions.
The peace which had been granted on pretence of humanity was turned to the ruin of many who were so exhausted by want of food as to be at the last gasp, and who in consequence could only creep along, and were either carried away by the current of the river from not being able to swim, or if able to overcome the force of the stream so far as to reach the bank, were either slain like sheep by the Saracens or Persians (because, as we stated some time back, the Germans had driven them out), or sent to a distance to be sold for slaves.» Ammianus Marcellinus «Roman History» (IV century)
Corduene by Panonian (Wikipedia) http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/deed.en
Dilşa Demirbağ with roots from Kurdistan
Persons of United States of America must have much more care about the interests and confusions created about enemies and allies that prejudice Humanity. Complexe situation implicate complexe thinking, emotions and actions for defend the values of Liberty and Human Universality and not linear actions linked to linear interests. The intolerable errors of North American policies about Iran, Iraq, Syria and Turkey must have a great change!
United States of America must have much more carreful about Turkish leaders that supported the intolerable situation in Syria and Iraq, in the old Mesopotamia, the land between two rivers: Tigris and Euphrates. The Kurdish Nation is a clear allied of United States of America and Humanity...
The Kurdistan Women defend Humanity from Tyranny, Ignorance and Fanaticism
United States of America flag presence ...
Iranian Kurdish female members of the Freedom Party of Kurdistan (PAK) in Dibis on September 15, 2014. AFP photo/Safin Hamed
August 21, 2014, a woman of Kurdistan Workers Party (PKK) on the front line in the Makhmur area, near Mosul (Agence France-Presse 13 Sep 2014)
Shimal: «[IS] turns women into slaves».
Tekoshin: «They don’t allow women in areas under their control to go to the market. Our struggle against (the IS) is to defend women from them and from that kind of thinking.. We usually organise ourselves in groups of four women, and I command one of the groups. But when it comes to fighting, we break up and we and the men deploy together on different fronts. Most of us here aren’t married. I joined the PKK when I was 14 years old. I think (IS) were more afraid of us than of the men, they believe they’ll go to hell if they die at a woman’s hands.
Saria: «When I was a child, I didn’t think I would be a fighter. But I realised how much my (Kurdish) nation needs me… and I chose this road. It is important for us to find our place in war, side by side with the men.»
«Islamic State is a big threat for the whole Middle East and all of the Syrian people. We are doing most of the fighting, and we need more support from regional powers.» Asia Abdulla (co-chair of the Democratic Union Party PYD)
Diren: «Women are the bravest fighters. We're not scared of anything (...) When they see a woman with a gun, they're so afraid they begin to shake. They portray themselves as tough guys to the world. But when they see us with our guns they run away. They see a woman as just a small thing. But one of our women is worth a hundred of their men.»
When power is linked to Love we have PAX. We hope that one day LOVE will rule the World and power will be a word of the past!
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