CURDOS VIII - CARDUCHI VIII - KURDS VIII

«Map showing kingdoms of Corduene and Adiabene in the last centuries BC. The blue line shows the expedition and then retreat of the ten thousand through Corduene in 401 BC.» https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corduene#/media/File:Asia_minor_p20.jpg

«60 BC Kingdom of Corduene» https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corduene#/media/File:Near_East_ancient_map.jpg

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_the_Kurds#/media/File:Corduene_sophene_commagene_osrhoene.png

The Ayyubid dynasty: «The most flourishing period of Kurdish power was probably during the 12th century, when the great Saladin, who belonged to the Rawendi branch of the Hadabani (or Adiabene) tribe, founded the Ayyubite (1171–1250) dynasty of Syria, and Kurdish chieftainships were established, not only to the west of the Kurdistan mountains in Syria, but as far away as Egypt and Yemen.» https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_the_Kurds
https://books.google.pt/books?id=Qi2TgAAazZwC&pg=PA36&lpg=PA36&dq=women+of+the+Ayyubid+family&source=bl&ots=UIHFLRmB_H&sig=UqKjDWBbM_J55mhMJfcY4ciTxy0&hl=pt-PT&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjnt7Pf2ozKAhXEhhoKHSOqAM0Q6AEIOTAE#v=onepage&q=women%20of%20the%20Ayyubid%20family&f=false

Shajar al-Durr - Ayyubid Empire - 1250 a.C.. Shajar al-Durr «was mother of the Ayyubid Sultan's only son. In 1249, French King Louis IX launched the 7th Crusade and the Sultan was killed in battle. Shajar al-Durr kept this a secret and ruled the empire in his name, during which she repelled the European assault and thus ended the 7th Crusade. Shortly after, she was elected Sultana of the empire in her own right.» Women of the Ayyubid family took a prominent role in the patronage of new constructions.

Selahedînê Eyûbî founded Ayyubid Empire 

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ayyubid_dynasty#/media/File:Ayyubid_Sultanate_1193_AD.jpg

«In the second half of the 10th century there were five Kurdish principalities: in the North the Shaddadid (951–1174) (in parts of Armenia and Arran) and Rawadid (955–1221) in Tabriz and Maragheh, in the East the Hasanwayhids (959–1015), the Annazid (990–1117) (in Kermanshah, Dinawar and Khanaqin) and in the West the Marwanid (990–1096) of Diyarbakır.» https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_the_Kurds

Hisn al Akrad, «Castle of the Kurds» https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Krak_des_Chevaliers#/media/File:Krak_des_Chevaliers_01.jpg
https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crac_des_Chevaliers#/media/File:Il_Krak_dei_Cavalieri.jpg

«Sit tibi copia, sit sapientia, formaque detur ; Inquinat omnia sola superbia, si comitetur. 
Translation: Grace, wisdom and beauty you may enjoy, but beware pride which alone can tarnish all the rest.» https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Krak_des_Chevaliers#/media/File:Krak_des_chevaliers_inscription_latine.jpg https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Krak_des_Chevaliers#/media/File:Krak_des_chavaliers_plaine.jpg

Settlement of Kurds in XI Century (1030-1099 a.C.), the Castle was rebuilt in XII Century by Hospitaliers after 1142 d.C., until that year controled by County of Tripoli.











https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Krak_des_Chevaliers#/media/File:La_plaine_d%27El_Bukeia_vue_du_Krak_des_chevaliers_en_1970.jpg
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/HPIM3108.JPG/800px-HPIM3108.JPG
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/Krak_des_Chevaliers_11.jpg/800px-Krak_des_Chevaliers_11.jpg
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Krak_des_Chevaliers%2C_Wassergraben.JPG/800px-Krak_des_Chevaliers%2C_Wassergraben.JPG
https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Krak_des_Chevaliers#/media/File:Krak_des_Chevaliers_09.jpg
https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Krak_des_Chevaliers#/media/File:Krak_westliche_Ringmauern.jpg
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Krak_des_Chevaliers#/media/File:Chapel_of_Krak_des_Chevaliers_05.jpg
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Krak_des_Chevaliers#/media/File:Hall_of_the_Knights_-_Krak_des_Chevaliers.jpg
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Krak_des_Chevaliers#/media/File:Chapel_of_Krak_des_Chevaliers_01.jpg
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Krak_des_Chevaliers#/media/File:Krak_des_Chevaliers_22.jpg
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Krak_des_Chevaliers#/media/File:Chapel_of_Krak_des_Chevaliers_04.jpg


Hims Gap - NASA https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homs_Gap#/media/File:Hims_Gap_sat.jpg

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orontes_River#/media/File:Map_of_the_Orontes_river.png

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Krak_des_Chevaliers#/media/File:Map_Crusader_states_1135-en.svg

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Krak_des_Chevaliers#/media/File:Map_Crusader_states_1190-en.svg




https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_the_Kurds#/media/File:Kurdish_states_1835.png

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rojava#/media/File:Ethnicturkey1911.jpg

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turkish_Kurdistan#/media/File:Kurdistan1920.png

«Kingdom of Kurdistan in 1923» https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iraqi_Kurdistan#/media/File:Kingdom_of_Kurdistan_%281923%29.png

Red Kurdistan https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kurdistansky_Uyezd#/media/File:Red_kurdistan_1930.png


«Kurdish-inhabited areas in 1992 according to the CIA» https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rojava#/media/File:Kurdish-inhabited_area_by_CIA_%281992%29.jpg




«Cappadocia (Kurdish: Kapadozîa,Qaba Dizya,Qapadozia or Kapadozia= Secret place) is a Kurdish historical region in Central Anatolia, largely in Nevşehir (Kurdish: "New Sher" The New city) Province. In the time of Herodotus, the Cappadocians were reported as occupying the whole region from Mount Taurus to the vicinity of the Euxine (Black Sea). Cappadocia, in this sense, was bounded in the south by the chain of the Taurus Mountains that separate it from Cilicia, to the east by the upper Euphrates and the Kurdish Highland, to the north by Pontus, and to the west by Lycaonia and eastern Galatia.» http://zagros-mesopotamia-anatolia-kurds.blogspot.pt/2012/08/cappadocia-kurdish-kapadoziaqaba.html

southeastern Turkey (Northern Kurdistan)


Kurds in Diyarbakir
http://static01.nyt.com/images/2011/01/10/world/TURKEY_span/TURKEY-articleLarge.jpg

northern Syria (Western Kurdistan)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Koban%C3%AE_Canton#/media/File:Rojava_february2014_2.png



western Iran (Eastern Kurdistan)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kurdistan_Province#/media/File:Kurdistan_province.png

«A view of Sanandaj, the second-largest city in Iranian Kurdistan»

Flag of Kurdistan
Iraqi Kurdistan (Southern Kurdistan)

«Erbil, capital of Iraqi Kurdistan» https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iraqi_Kurdistan#/media/File:Hewler-Kurdistan.jpg

«Greater Zab River near Erbil Kurdistan» https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iraqi_Kurdistan#/media/File:Greater_Zab_River_near_Erbil_Iraqi_Kurdistan.jpg

«A canyon near the northern city of Rawandiz» https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iraqi_Kurdistan#/media/File:Canyon,_north_eastern_Kurdistan.jpg

«Agriculture» https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iraqi_Kurdistan#/media/File:Iraqi_Kurdish_villagers_in_field_near_Turkish_border.jpg


Turkish tyranny must stop against Kurdish Persons! http://www.thetimes.co.uk/tto/multimedia/archive/00947/NIP000179549657_947494c.jpg

http://static01.nyt.com/images/2011/06/05/arts/ABROAD-Jp-1/ABROAD-Jp-1-articleLarge.jpg

ESTADOS UNIDOS DA AMÉRICA XI - CIVITATES FOEDERATAE AMERICAE XI - UNITED STATES OF AMERICA XI

New Hampshire https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Hampshire#/media/File:New_hampshire_in_autumn.jpg

«Clinton congratulated Sanders and said to his supporters: “Even if they are not supporting me now, I support them.”» http://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2016/feb/09/bernie-sanders-wins-new-hampshire-primary-hillary-clinton


Bernie Sanders win with 60,4% versus 38% by Hillary Clinton http://www.realclearpolitics.com/epolls/2016/president/nh/new_hampshire_democratic_presidential_primary-3351.html



«This campaign was always about citizenship. I’ve said throughout this campaign that I will not sit down and be quiet. I’m not going to start now. While I suspend my candidacy today, I will continue to travel this country and fight for those Americans who refuse to settle for the way things are and a status quo that no longer works for them.» Carly Fiorina http://www.theguardian.com/us-news/live/2016/feb/10/new-hampshire-primary-2016-us-presidential-election-sanders-trump-kasich-clinton

http://www.realclearpolitics.com/articles/2016/02/10/fiorina_ends_presidential_quest.html

Trump win with only with 35,3%: http://www.realclearpolitics.com/epolls/2016/president/nh/new_hampshire_republican_presidential_primary-3350.html

PEQUENO - PARVUS - LITTLE

Charles Monroe Schulz «Peanuts» 1950 a.C. «Snoopy and Charlie Brown: The Peanuts Movie» 2015 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Peanuts_Movie «Little Red-Haired Girl» https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Little_Red-Haired _Girl


I´m Charlie Brown
Leading life on my own
Now since the moment that I have seen the path
With much more accelerated heart in Earth

(Tales of Charlie Brown by himself)

ROJAVA

ROJAVA means «The West». the West Kudistan https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syrian_Kurdish%E2%80%93Islamist_conflict_%282013%E2%80%93present%29#/media/File:Rojava_june_2015.png

The Rojava flag


Kader Ortakaya https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kobane#/media/File:Kader_Ortakaya.jpg


https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rojava_conflict#/media/File:YBS_and_PKK_fighters_holding_up_a_painting_of_Abdullah_%C3%96calan.jpg

Charter of the Social Contract (Constitution of the Rojava Cantons) - Preamble:
«We, the people of the Democratic Autonomous Regions of Afrin, Jazira and Kobane, a confederation of Kurds, Arabs, Syrics, Arameans, Turkmen, Armenians and Chechens, freely and solemnly declare and establish this Charter.
In pursuit of freedom, justice, dignity and democracy and led by principles of equality and environmental sustainability, the Charter proclaims a new social contract, based upon mutual and peaceful coexistence and understanding between all strands of society. It protects fundamental human rights and liberties and reaffirms the peoples’ right to self-determination.
Under the Charter, we, the people of the Autonomous Regions, unite in the spirit of reconciliation, pluralism and democratic participation so that all may express themselves freely in public life. In building a society free from authoritarianism, militarism, centralism and the intervention of religious authority in public affairs, the Charter recognizes Syria’s territorial integrity and aspires to maintain domestic and international peace.
In establishing this Charter, we declare a political system and civil administration founded upon a social contract that reconciles the rich mosaic of Syria through a transitional phase from dictatorship, civil war and destruction, to a new democratic society where civic life and social justice are preserved.» https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Constitution_of_Rojava

Libertarian socialism

Cooperative economy

Direct democracy

Ethnic minority rights

Restorative Justice

Women's rights

Religious freedom

ESTADOS UNIDOS DA AMÉRICA X - CIVITATES FOEDERATAE AMERICAE X - UNITED STATES OF AMERICA X

     «Four Seasons» by Christian Petersen (Iowa)

IOWA DEMOCRATIC PRESIDENTIAL CAUCUS
http://www.realclearpolitics.com/epolls/2016/president/ia/iowa_democratic_presidential_caucus-3195.html

Hillary Clinton 49,8% - Democrat

 Bernie Sanders 49,6% - Democrat

 IOWA REPUBLICAN PRESIDENTIAL CAUCUS
 http://www.realclearpolitics.com/epolls/2016/president/ia/iowa_republican_presidential_caucus-3194.html

     Ted Cruz - Republican 27,6%




Donald Trump - Republican 24,3%


Carly Fiorina - Republican 1,9%

AMMAIA ... LUSITANIA

AMMAIA ... LUSITANIA  http://www.ammaia.pt/multimedia/imagens/RadioPast/Ammaia%20flyght1.JPG

AMMAIA http://www.ammaia.pt/multimedia/imagens/RadioPast/Ammaia%201.jpg
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tDt4zMK73dk


«First attempt to reconstruct the forum and the Porta Sul of Ammaia (illustration by M. Klein)» http://www2.radiopast.eu/wp-content/uploads/VR_large-172x300.jpg








FORUM https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ammaia#/media/File:Roman_villa_of_Ammaia,_Lusitania,_Portugal_%2813823566704%29.jpg





TURRIS https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ammaia#/media/File:Cidade_Romana_de_Ammaia_X.jpg

AMMAIA https://fundacaoammaia.files.wordpress.com/2015/03/ins-01a.jpg?w=584&h=856

http://www2.radiopast.eu/wp-content/uploads/AM_Streetview3.JPG

Map https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Devi_Taelman/publication/253620392/figure/fig3/Figure-6-The-geographical-location-of-Ammaia-in-relation-to-the-Estremoz-quarries-and.png

Map https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Devi_Taelman/publication/253620392/figure/fig2/Figure-1-A-tectono-stratigraphic-map-of-the-ancient-territory-of-Ammaia-with.png

http://www2.radiopast.eu/wp-content/uploads/Homeimage.jpg







http://www2.radiopast.eu/?page_id=382