UCRÂNIA - UCRAINA - UKRAINE

Angus McBride «Amazon and Scythian horse-warriors attack Theseus outside Athens during their legendary invasion of Attica. [Based on] A fifth-century BC representation of possibly a Mycenean scene.» (http://gadsircomics.blogspot.pt/2007/05/angus-and-amazons.html)

«Kaukasus mit Siedlungsgebieten von Sarmaten und Amazonen in der Antike, Kupferstich von ca. 1770»

«Map showing Ancient Greek colonies on the northern coast of the Black Sea» MapMaster (Wikipedia) Creative Commons http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/deed.en «The Borysthenes, the second largest of the Scythian rivers, is, in my opinion, the most valuable and productive not only of the rivers in this part of the world, but anywhere else, with the sole exception of the River Nile...It provides the finest and most abundant pasture, by far the richest supply of the best sorts of fish and the most excellent water for drinking - clear and bright... no better crops grow anywhere than along its banks, and where grain is not sown the grass is the most luxuriant in the world.» Herodotus «Histories»

«Historical spread of Iranian peoples/languages: Scythia, Sarmatia, Bactria and the Parthian Empire in ca.100-50 BC. Modern political boundaries are shown to facilitate orientation.» Dbachmann - Wikipedia - Creative Commons (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/deed.en)

Kingdom of the Cimmerian Bosporus with cities like CIMMERIUM (Kimmerikon) by Semhur (Wikipedia) Creative Commons http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/deed.en

«Map of the Roman Empire in 125 during the reign of emperor Hadrien» Andrei Nacu - Wikipedia - Creative Commons (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/deed.en)

Iron Age ... UCRAINA was inhabited by Cimmerians, Scythians, Sarmatians, Greeks (coolonies), Romans and after Byzantines until VI century a.C.

TYRAS

OLBIA

HERMONASSA

PANTICAPAEUM

NYMPHAEUM

Photo by Kurgus (Wikipedia)
CHERSONESSUS

«Ruins of Chersonesos. Crimea, Ukraine» in a photo by Dmottl (Wikipedia) Creative Commons http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/deed.en

«The Eastern Roman Empire (purple) and its vassals (pink) in 555 AD during the reign of Justinian I.» Tataryn77 (Wikipedia) Creative Commons http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/deed.en

«Byzantine empire before the Crusades», before 1096. Spiridon Manoliu (Wikipedia)

«Constantinople in Byzantine times» DeliDumrul (Wikipedia)

Republic of Genoa had also influence in actual Ukranian territories.


«Genoese fortress in Sudak» photo by Qypchak» (Wikipedia)

«The Genoese fortress Chembalo in Balaklava» photo by Qypchak» (Wikipedia)

But after 500 a.C. emerged a Slavic culture: at North of the Prut, South of Dvina (Daugava, Düna), East of Oder begining and Vistula finish, in Dnieper basin to East.

«Linguistic Area of Baltic-Slavic languages» Hxseek (Wikipedia) Creative Commons http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/deed.en

SeikoEn (Wikipedia) Creative Commons http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/deed.en

«Kievan Rus' or Kyivan Rus', medieval state of the Eastern Slavs. It was the earliest predecessor of modern Ukraine and Russia. Flourishing from the 10th to the 13th cent., it included nearly all of present-day Ukraine and Belarus and part of NW European Russia.» by YT (Wikipedia)

The Slavs created with Varegians, the Kievan Rus´ with it rise and fal between 882 a.C. and 1283 a.C. The capital was Kiev, Kyiv, with the leggendary brothers founders Kyi, Shchek, Khoryv with them sister Lybid. The city is now sister of Lisbon, capital of Portugal.

«Statue of the founders of Kiev, on the bank of the Dnieper in Kiev, Ukraine» (1982) in a photo by Rooland Geider (Wikipedia) Creative Commons http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/deed.en

«The Hungarians at Kiev» in 830 d.C. by Pál Vágó (1885)

After the fall of Kievan Rus´ emerged the Principality Galicia–Volhynia or Kingdom of Rus' (Regnum Galiciae et Lodomeriae, Regnum Russiae) leaded by Roman Mstislavich. After Mongol invasion turned to a vassalage with Golden Horde between 1246 and 1349, when was conquested by Polish.

SeikoEn (Wikipedia) Creative Commons http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/deed.en

Ukraine, meaning border, became under control of the unions between Poland anf Lithuania


«Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth (1619)» Ras67 (Wikipedia)

Ruthenian peasants (Ukrainians and from other nations) became Cossacks, members of democratic, semi-military and semi-naval communities that in 1648 triggered a war of independence and create a state, the Hetmanate, until 1764, roots of modern independent Ukraine.


Hetman Bohdan Khmelnytsky´s triumphal entry to Kiev in 1648, painted by Mykola Ivasiuk (late XIX Century)

Cossaks had the threats of the Commonwealth of Poland and Lithuania, the Otoman Turks , and the rising of Russia. And was the Russian Empire that became the more important ruler of Ukraine territory with some parts under control of Austrian Empire.

«Ukrainian Gubernias» Shliahov (Wikipedia) Creative Commons http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/deed.en

And along the complicated XX Century, Ukraine win, lost and win independence and territories ... until the fall of Soviet Empire and it independence in 1991.

«Ukrainian territorial evolution, 1918-1991» Spiridon Ion Cepleanu (Wikipedia) Creative Commons http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/deed.en

Strange cases happened in modern Ukraine ...

The European Court of Human Rights judgment (April 30, 2013) about former Prime Minister of Ukraine (2005, 2007-2010) «Ms. Tymoshenko’s pre-trial detention had been arbitrary; that the lawfulness of her detention had not been properly reviewed; and, that she had no possibility to seek compensation for her unlawful deprivation of liberty».

«Yulia Tymoshenko in November 2009» - Premier.gov.ru (licence Creative Commons http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/deed.en)

These is the resultant of Slavic culture in Europe:

«Map of Slavic languages in Europe in English.» Palu/Rezonansowy (Wikipedia)

«Frog Tsarevna» by Viktor Mikhaylovich Vasnetsov (1918)

«Three queens of the underground kingdom» by Viktor Mikhaylovich Vasnetsov (1879)

«Ivan Zarevitch on the grey Wolf» by Viktor Mikhaylovich Vasnetsov (1889)

«Sadko in the Underwater Kingdom» by Ilya Yefimovich Repin (1876), that was born in Chuhuiv

«Ship «Empress Maria» in storm» by Ivan Aivazovsky (1892), that was born in Theodosia.

An organization of women founded in Ukraine have political impact in world:
 


«We are Femen (...)
You can hear us shouting "Fuck off, dictator!", "I'm not your sex toy!", or "Religion is slavery!" You can see our half-naked bodies facing Berlusconi, Putin or the Pope. You can feel how deep our anger is by looking in our eyes. We are feminism's shock troops, a spearhead unit of militants, a modern incarnation of the word fearless.
We are Femen. Our nakedness attacks the raw nerve of the historic conflict between women and "the system". We are nothing less than its most visual and fitting embodiment. Our activists' bodies represent undisguised hatred for the patriarchal order, and display the new aesthetics of a rejuvenated woman's revolution.
Femen is our attempt at rethinking the history of feminism in its entirety. We believe that if women are left with little more than satisfying sexual desires as a life purpose, then our sexuality must become politicised. We are not denying our potential to be treated as sex objects. On the contrary, we are taking our sexuality into our own hands, turning it against our enemy. We are transforming female sexual subordination into aggression, and thereby starting the real war.
Make no mistake about it: we are at war. This is an ideological war, a war of traditionalism against modernity, oppression against freedom, dictatorship against the right to free expression. We are targeting the three principle manifestations of patriarchy: religion, the sex industry, and dictatorship.
"I didn't have time to see if they looked good or not, whether they were blondes or not" – such were the words of Putin after our most recent act of diversion, when Femen activistsconfronted him in Hanover, shouting to his face, "Fuck you, dictator!" Putin was quick to smile, but a Kremlin official was already demanding that Germany punish our activists. Within half an hour, four criminal cases had been opened against the dictator's assailants.
This is our reality. Femen activists are arrested, beaten up or even kidnapped, as happened to us in Belarus after our protest ridiculing president Alexander Lukashenko in Minsk.
Machismo can be defeated only through feminine rebellion. No authoritarian leader is interested in popular opinion, which would personally hurt him. Femen's tactics aim to do just that: hurt and humiliate them personally. Tossing shoes at Bush is nothing compared to our attack against Putin. Never before had he found his holy body, under the protection of dozens of professional security guards, so imperilled.
We were amateurs when we demonstrated against Putin in 2011, in Kiev, dozens of kilometres away from our target. But we improved our skills when we besieged the polling station in Moscow in 2012, just 20 minutes after our Putin had left the place. One year later, we faced him and bared our breasts in defiance.
Putin is a homophobe and an oligarch embodying the merger of church and state, putting his personal interests before those of 150 million people in the process. Only recently has he announced that Russia is not a country for gay people, just as our George H W Bush, in his time, said the US was not a country for atheists. Putin is not stopping at that, so we are going to stop him.
How, you ask? Yes, dear readers, with our bare breasts alone! We are responding by knocking down the great oligarch and his security-service clowns, and with them, the image he has been so carefully cultivating.
Femen is a huge experiment. Every day we find new ways to destroy the patriarchy, new words with which to answer our opponents. We are calling for a global sexual revolt against the system. We cannot tell you of our upcoming plans, or what the final result of our struggle will be, but we're working on them around the clock. The only thing I can say for sure to all those against whom we are fighting is that we are not about to let you enshrine such shit as yourselves in a cult.» Inna Shevchenko, leader of the women's movement FEMEN («We are Femen, the naked scock troops of feminism» The Guardian 10 April 2013 http://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2013/apr/10/femen-naked-shock-troops-of-feminism

«(...) I realised that the patriarchy was not somewhere outside. It was right in front of us, in Femen's office. And our global fight with patriarchy started with the fight in our own private life.
This is when I decided to leave Ukraine for France to build a new Femen. A Femen in which women decide and follow their own ideas, not someone else's demands. One year ago I started from the beginning again with new colleagues from France, Germany, Spain, Belgium, Sweden, Canada, Mexico, Netherlands and Tunisia. The Femen fight still involves men – those who support us but do not dominate. Unlike Svyatski, from whom we broke free.
The original ideology of Femen remains as we created it, but now we are applying it the way it was originally intended. This change has already paid off: Femen has inspired women all over the world.
We have come to the Venice film festival to tell our story because this is the patriarchal reality that we all live in. Criticising us for our fight against men's domination in our own lives is like criticising the fight against all patriarchy in the world. Today we tell our story hoping that we can inspire women suffering the same oppression in their fight against it tomorrow.» Inna Shevchenko 5 September 2013 «Femen let Victor Svyatski take over because we didn´t know how to fight it» http://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2013/sep/05/victory-svyatski-femen-man

The old problems about all kind of human organizations that want change the ways of the History inside History ... but the courage against the tyranny seems clear for example in Belarus, Minsk, 2011, with an incredible reaction by the forces of the tyrant (http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-europe-16275566)

CENTRO DEMOCRÁTICO SOCIAL / PARTIDO POPULAR - SOCIALIS CENTRUM DEMOOCRATICAE / POPULARES - SOCIAL CENTER DEMOCRATIC / POPULAR PARTY

«O Conselho de Jurisdição do CDS aplicou ao militante Rui Barreto a pena de suspensão do partido de cinco meses (...) dúvidas não subsistem de que o militante infringiu a disciplina partidária de forma consciente e deliberada, violando as normas dos estatutos a que estava obrigado, numa matéria de especial relevância política, com graves consequências para a imagem do partido.

(...) em defesa do participado não pode deixar de se valorar as circunstâncias de caráter político da região de onde provém, designadamente, a deliberação da comissão política regional da Madeira».

«O CDS da Madeira, que esteve contra o Orçamento para 2013 por não concordar com o brutal aumento de impostos, não pode agora dar o seu aval a um Orçamento para 2014 que não só mantém o nível de impostos, nomeadamente o IVA do turismo e da restauração, como ainda procede a cortes injustos nos salários dos funcionários públicos a partir dos 600 euros» José Manuel Rodrigues, CDS Madeira.

Vergonhosa penalização da coragem de afrontar uma opção errada e imoral.

«(...) três prioridades: concluir o programa de assistência, (…) uma obsessão quase pessoal, penso que seria inglório, depois do esforço que foi feito (...) para uma economia com sinal mais (...) provar que é possível a um Governo de coligação chegar ao fim do seu mandato com o sentimento de dever cumprido (...) entrada no Governo correspondeu a um excesso de expectativas.
(...) tinha a noção de que muito provavelmente o meu estado de graça ia terminar quando se apresentasse o Orçamento do Estado para 2014.
(...) é preciso trabalhar (...) executar o Orçamento do Estado para 2014.
Esse é um sinal importante para darmos continuidade à descida das taxas de juro da dívida soberana, que voltaram a posicionar-se em níveis anteriores à turbulência política de Julho, mas têm que continuar a descer (...).
(...) o Governo tem tentado, em diferentes circunstâncias, conformar as suas decisões a decisões do Tribunal Constitucional (...)
(...) o bom é inimigo do óptimo e é evidente que teria sido desejável que o que consta no OE para 2014 (…) tivesse sido logo apresentado para 2012.
Quando há um incêndio, há um tempo para apagar o fogo e há um tempo para construir a casa. Em qualquer caso, tudo o que se fez no sentido de conter a despesa nestes dois anos significa uma mudança no Estado, tanto ao nível do número de pessoas como de escolhas que tivemos que fazer afectando o mínimo possível os serviços públicos fundamentais (...).» António Pires de Lima, Ministro da Economia, do CDS, completamente comprometido com uma política desastrosa para as empresas, para a criação de valor (a brutal carga fiscal sobre as famílias vai continuar) e não existe uma profunda reforma do Estado até agora.

Sobre a triste actuação de Paulo Portas, líder do CDS, evidencia-se bem esse personagem de uma peça de Shakespeare, cheio de vontade de poder e com grandes desfasamentos entre o seu dever-ser e o seu ser.

O CDS ainda não alterou nada de significativo nas péssimas opções do Governo.

O Centro Democrático Social
Está comprometidíssimo na política brutal
Que faz tão mal
Ao nosso querido Portugal

O Partido Popular
Na sua vontade de poder
Está a perder o seu ar
Corrompido pelo ter

Para trás ficou o seu ser
Pela manha de bem manipular
Pela má obra do seu líder
O(A) Eleitor(a) vai penalizar

Motivam-se pela Nação e sua sobrevivência?
Não, a terapêutica não rima com solvência
Pelo contrário, afasta-a numa pesada tendência
Procuram a estrangeira clemência?

Sim, apanharam a doença da subserviência
Há que fechar o programa de assistência
Para depois atacar num ano as eleições
Com a europeia cautela de milhões 

A triga troika fica à espera
Para anunciar o cumprimento sem brio
Mas a estatística tem o seu fio
De ligação à realidade da era

Os fogosos mercados vão penalizar
As instituições europeias tentar os acalmar
Mas debilmente puxada para baixo a dura realidade
Virá sempre ao de cima com a viciosa austeridade!

É profundamente fatal
Para Portugal
Manter a muy brutal
Carga fiscal

A redução estrutural
Da despesa estatal
Era e é fundamental
Mas onde está afinal?

DECRESCIMENTO III - DECRESCERE III - DECREASE III

MINISTRA DAS FINANÇAS

Feche os olhos, os suevos olhos
Para não ver os sinais aos molhos
Dos brutais efeitos da sua política sinistra
Vossa mercê que das finanças é ministra

«Estamos já a assistir a uma recuperação na economia que é visível na receita fiscal, no consumo, em todos os dados que os senhores deputados quiserem observar, no consumo de bens duradouros, de combustíveis, no aumento de receita de portagens, no aumento da receita fiscal, no crescimento do comércio a retalho em agosto, que foi o mais elevado da união europeia (...)
Ora, os senhores deputados não podem continuar a ignorar os sinais que são dados, e a olhar apenas para aquilo que interessa para apresentar uma realidade que não é aquela que existe. Efetivamente esta política está a dar resultados e vai continuar a dar resultados» Maria Luís Albuquerque, Ministra das Finanças, 23-10-2012


We return to our table of Turnover in Portugal from January to August of 2013, perhaps Miniter of Finances will see it, this time ...


And about Exports ...

PORTUGAL	2011	2012	change		2012 Aug	2013 Aug	change
Trade Balance	M€	M€	M€	%			M€	%
Goods and services	-6.508	110	6.618		1.948	4.267	2.320
Exports	62.232	64.624	2.392	3,8%	32.070	33.682	1.612	5,0%
Imports	68.740	64.514	-4.226	-6,1%	30.122	29.415	-708	-2,3%
Goods	-14.205	-8.582	5.623		-3.881	-2.267	1.614
Exports	43.073	45.526	2.453	5,7%	19.232	20.061	829	4,3%
Imports	57.278	54.109	-3.169	-5,5%	23.113	22.328	-785	-3,4%
Services	7.697	8.693	996		5.829	6.534	706
Exports	19.159	19.098	-61	-0,3%	12.838	13.621	783	6,1%
Imports	11.462	10.405	-1.057	-9,2%	7.009	7.087	77	1,1%
Free On Board adjustment by Banco de Portugal over INE data (Goods)

PAVÃO E AMBIÇÃO II - PAVO ET AMBITIONE II - PEACOCK AND AMBITION II

The Peacock at the Mirror

Muitas vezes o poder local
Prejudicou Portugal
Em obras desnecessárias
Em despesas excessivas várias

Imagine-se o que seria
Se após o referendo se seguiria
Um despesista poder regional
Com impacto na dívida nacional?

Este cenário defendeu o pavão
E defende-o ainda como solução
Com flores bonitas à volta
Para dourar a pílula torta

Descentralização para bem da população?
Sim, parece não haver como dizer que não ...
Mas sem despedimentos na Administração central?
Pior ficaria ainda Portugal!

Reformar profundamente o Estado
Implica um acto político ousado
Com todo o devido cuidado
Para ser justo e também determinado

O Governo só em filme de científica ficção
Finge desde 2012 que faria
Sob pressão da tripartida confraria
Nem sequer apresentou ainda um "guião"!


Passemos a palavra a António Costa:
«A descentralização devia ser a verdadeira pedra angular de uma reforma do Estado assente na eficiência, na desburocratização, na simplificação, na modernização, na participação, transparência e proximidade dos cidadãos (...) falta agora ao Estado fazer a sua parte: descentralizar o que deve ser descentralizado.

Este tem de ser o último mandato sem termos uma verdadeira autarquia metropolitana, com competências e meios próprios e órgãos diretamente eleitos pelos cidadãos, que expressem, sem distorções artificiosas, a efetiva e legitima vontade popular». 25-10-2013

«A regionalização não é espalhar serviços, é aproximar o poder das pessoas, num contexto da reforma do Estado para racionalizar e diminuir um conjunto de estruturas que se multiplicam (...)» 28-02-2013.

O presidente da Câmara de Lisboa recordou em 7-7-2010 ter «votado favoravelmente» a regionalização no Referendo de 1998 

Recordemos os seus resultados em 8 de Novembro de 1998 (Wikipedia https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regionaliza%C3%A7%C3%A3o#Referendo_de_8_de_Novembro_de_1998):

«PERGUNTA 1: «Concorda com a instituição em concreto das regiões administrativas ?»

Resposta	votos	%
Sim	1 458 132	34,96%
Não	2 530 802	60,67%
Brancos	40 675	0,98%
Abstenções	4 465 743	51,71%

Fonte: STAPE- Secretariado Técnico dos Assuntos para o Processo Eleitoral
PERGUNTA 2: «Concorda com a instituição em concreto da região administrativa da sua área de recenseamento eleitoral ?» (pergunta apenas colocada aos cidadãos recenseados em Portugal Continental)

Resposta	votos	%
Sim	1 386 718	34,20%
Não	2 457 604	60,62%
Brancos	80 856	1,99%

Fonte: STAPE- Secretariado Técnico dos Assuntos para o Processo Eleitoral»

FOGO - IGNIS - FIRE

 

Vice minister Paulo Portas laughing, minister of Finances Maria Luís Albuquerque smiling, prime minister always by the same way, right to the deep depression by a deep devaluation of Portugal! In the worst scenario this masquerade will finish in 2015 with legislative elections: "obviamente serão demitidos", what Humberto Delgado would said to the authocrat Salazar, if was President of Republic, if the dictatorshop didn´t make a big tramp in election of 1958. But until that time ...

Lisbon, March 23, 2013, darkness over the capital of Portugal. Driving my car i listen on the radio that votation of Stability and Growth Program (IV) will be soon. Fast as possible i go to Parliament. I can´t do nothing. It´s a simbolic impulse after months of anxiety about the strong threats over Portugal. It´s crucial that a majority of deputies approve the Program approved by European leaders. Stalinists (PCP), trotskyists (BE) linked to Populists of center-right (PSD+CDS) vote against in a strange majority of treason to Nation. In Parliament Persons have the illusion of the political change, confirmed in the future elections of June. Don´t agree with my arguments ... it was simbolic, i did what i can ... the critics against Socrates until October 2010 turned in a support of him mission to stop the trend of an external intervention with so many internal and external treators: «Aquele estupor do ministro das Finanças, o Schäuble, todos os dias esse filho da mãe punha notícias nos jornais contra nós. E ligávamos para o gabinete da Merkel e ela, com quem me dava bem, dizia que vinha do gabinete dele.» (José Sócrates in a interview by Clara Ferreira Alves, published in Expresso of 19-10-2013). Fortunly the future Government of Germany CDU/CSU+SPD don´t have space to that minister.

«Lamento que não tenha havido uma maioria no Parlamento para apoiar o novo pacote de medidas (...) correcto (...) corajoso. Estou grata a Sócrates» Angela Merkel, Chanceler da Alemanha, 24-03-2011

Portugal falled ... Troika rised ... but the only good side of the external intervention don´t come: a deep State reform!

In an incredible policy of devaluation, Government and Troika only do general cuts over Nation in a long game with Constitutional Court that only protect public employees and pensions. 

A big fire was launched over Portugal with a lot of innocent victims that don´t have any responsability in the big errors of the Political Society. 

Like the heroines and heroooes, Firewomen and Firemen victims of last summer fires, Portuguese Persons support more than two years of continuos acts of arsonists!

Today CGTP linked to PCP that helped the rise of actual Government organize a demonstration but don´t have the adhesion of a lot of persons that know very well what comunists leaders are: stalinists! The media don´t have a great demonstration to show in Lisbon.

The crucial question is that without a deep State reform all good public employers and pensionists support a minority of bad employers and pensionists that don´t have merit for the received income. Portugal must separate the Persons that contribute or contributed to Value creation and the persoons that don´t, included many politicians with pensions ... Policies must be oriented to the Value creation by Companies and Families!

  «Cassandra» by Evelyn De Morgan (1898)

Cassandra help us always to understand what happened in Europe and in Portugal ...

PAZ E GUERRA VII - PAX ET BELLI VII - PEACE AND WAR VII

Syrian women recruits (Washington Post)*

Women are more and more involved in armed forces also in Syria like we can read in a work of Liz Sly for Washington Post in the begining of 2013* (http://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/worldviews/wp/2013/01/25/the-all-female-militias-of-syria/):

«The trainer explains that the women are trained to use Kalashnikovs, heavy machine guns and grenades, and taught to storm and control checkpoints. “I'm an employee, but I think it's good to learn how to carry weapons and protect my country,” one of the recruits tells the camera.
The formation of the force comes amid speculation that the regular Syrian army, depleted by defections, desertions and thousands of casualties, is becoming stretched by the effort to suppress Syria’s 22-month-old uprising. According to a report in Britain’s Independent newspaper, the all-female force, named the “Lionesses for National Defence,” is part of an effort to supplement the army with a National Defense Force militia made up of civilian volunteers.

The women have already been deployed on the streets, and though their duties seem confined to checkpoint control, the frequency of rebel attacks against government checkpoints effectively puts them on the front line.»

Later in October 1, Liz Sly wrote (http://articles.washingtonpost.com/2013-10-01/world/42574503_1_foreign-fighters-latakia-syria):
«Foreign fighters from across the Arab world and beyond are playing an increasingly dominant role in the battle for control of Syria, which has emerged as an even more powerful magnet for jihadist volunteers than Iraq and Afghanistan were in the past decade.
The number of Syrians battling to overthrow the regime led by President Bashar al-Assad outstrips by a large margin the thousands of Arabs and other non-Syrian Muslims who have streamed into Syria over the past two years to join in the fight.
But the flow of jihadist volunteers has accelerated, and non-Syrians have begun taking the lead in a variety of roles as the al-Qaeda-affiliated Islamic State of Iraq and Syria (ISIS) attempts to assert control over large areas of the rebel-held north.
Foreign fighters man checkpoints, serve as commanders on the battlefield and have become the de facto rulers of towns and cities in areas under rebel control, giving them a visible and much-feared presence across large swaths of territory, according to Syrians living in the north as well as analysts.

Saudis, Tunisians and Libyans are among the most frequently encountered nationalities, the residents and analysts say, but men from Chechnya, Kuwait, Jordan, Iraq and the United Arab Emirates also are present. The Pakistani Taliban announced in August that it had established a presence in Syria. Among those killed in recent battles was a Moroccan commander who had spent years as a prisoner of the U.S. government at Guantanamo Bay, Cuba (...)
Conservative estimates put the number of foreign fighters who have entered Syria in the past two years at 6,000 to 10,000, a range that exceeds the number who volunteered to fight U.S. troops in Iraq or Afghanistan, said Brian Fishman, a former counterterrorism official who served in Iraq with West Point’s Combating Terrorism Center and is now a fellow at the New America Foundation.
The biggest influx of foreign fighters into Iraq occurred in 2006-2007, when more than 600 crossed in, he said. Many were recruited as suicide bombers and swiftly removed from the battlefield.
“There’s a lot more foreigners than we ever saw in Iraq, and there’s going to be a lot more,” Fishman said of the situation in Syria. “They control territory, they’ve established governance . . . and you see these foreigners playing more dynamic roles. They’re getting trained and leading people and illustrating a level of ability we didn’t see in Iraq.”

The implications for the United States and its Western allies are evident, said Nada Bakos, who tracked al-Qaeda for the U.S. government in Iraq and Afghanistan. Jihadists have secured more territory in Syria than they were able to do in Iraq or Afghanistan, and “anywhere they set up anything remotely resembling a safe haven, it’s a problem for the West,” she said.
The influx of foreigners has inevitably stirred tensions with local residents, who resent the intrusion as well as the rigid interpretation of Islam that the al-Qaeda-influenced fighters have sought to impose on Syria, which has traditionally been conservative but far from extreme.
Clashes have erupted with increasing regularity in recent weeks between units largely loyal to the umbrella Free Syrian Army, which states that the overthrow of Assad’s regime is its main goal, and the Islamists, who have made it clear that their chief ambition is the establishment of an Islamic state across the Muslim world.
The most serious of the recent fights occurred in the town of Azaz in northern Aleppo province, near the Turkish border. The town was briefly overrun by fighters from the Islamic State late last month. A truce — signed on behalf of the ISIS by a Chechen and a Kuwaiti — has brought about a tenuous calm.
In recent days, the ISIS has further antagonized local populations in northern Syria by announcing bans on the use of tobacco. Moderate Free Syrian Army groups have been driven out of the city of Raqqah in battles that residents say were led by a Libyan commander.
An Iraqi who appears to be young and short and uses the name Abu Hamza wields overall control over the city and moves around with convoys of expensive cars and bodyguards, said Aram al-Shami, 24, an activist who travels regularly between Raqqah and Turkey and uses a pseudonym because he fears the Islamists.
Along the route, checkpoints manned by ISIS fighters, mostly from Saudi Arabia, Libya and Tunisia, stop travelers, search their cars and ask questions with unsmiling severity. “Who the hell are these guys to come to another country and tell us what to do? It really makes us mad,” Shami said.
Rifts have also emerged between the more radical Islamic State and Jabhat al-Nusra, the original Syrian al-Qaeda affiliate that has since sought to cast itself as the more moderate — and Syrian — of the two. But although an alliance announced last week between Jabhat al-Nusra and more-secular rebel groups was cast by some as an attempt to create a front against the ISIS, an organized effort would need a far greater influx of money, support and enthusiasm from fighters on the ground, most observers say.»

So who was supported directly and indirectly by occidental powers against Iran by Syria?

«There are believed to be as many as 1,000 armed opposition groups in Syria, commanding an estimated 100,000 fighters» said BBC in October, 19, 2013 (http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-middle-east-24403003)

Much of them don´t want peace conversations, they want war to win power over Syrian Persons interests, not defended in a great vicious circle.

«More than 100,000 people have been killed since the uprising against President Assad began in March 2011, according to the UN.
Earlier this month, the UN estimated that more than eight million Syrians could have been forced from their homes by the country's civil war by the end of 2014.

No date has been fixed for peace talks, but they are expected in the middle of next month.» said also BBC (http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-middle-east-24513538)

One more time problems are inflameted, not solved. Libya was a recent example. The political options of former Government of France and actual Government of United Kingdom are a great disaster in that country.

Extremists, negative forces, win power with options of occidental powers. Why?
Let we read a work of Maria João Tomás, published in Diário de Notícias:

«O Terrorismo na Líbia» por Maria João Tomás, Diário de Notícias, 18-10-2013 (http://www.dn.pt/inicio/opiniao/interior.aspx?content_id=3483554&page=-1):

«No passado dia 10 de outubro, em Trípoli, 150 homens armados sequestraram o primeiro-ministro Ali Zidan, no hotel onde morava, o Corinthia Hotel. Acabou por ser libertado seis horas depois, surgindo logo a seguir, na página do Facebook dos Libya"s Revolucionaries, a reivindicação do ataque.
Também no passado dia 11 de setembro, em jeito de celebração pelos atentados de Nova Iorque e pela morte do embaixador americano em 2012, em Benghazi, um carro explodiu junto da embaixada americana.
Muitos já chamam à Líbia um "estado falhado", prevendo-lhe um futuro parecido com o da Somália ou do Mali, onde os terroristas, neste caso os jihadistas, são os verdadeiros donos e senhores do país.
A reconstrução da Líbia depois de Kadhafi não está a ser tarefa fácil. Há muitas milícias armadas que controlam o país e que estão unidas numa espécie de sindicato, o tal Libya"s Revolucionaries, que, por sua vez, tem membros a trabalhar em todos os departamentos do Estado. Assim se compreende este verdadeiro golpe palaciano que aconteceu ao primeiro-ministro líbio.
Se o sequestro do primeiro-ministro foi uma retaliação pelo ataque dos EUA na Líbia, durante a qual um dos supostos líderes da Al-Qaeda, Nazih Abdul Hamed Al- Ruqai, foi capturado, nunca viremos a saber. Mas este episódio mostra a vulnerabilidade de segurança em que a Líbia se encontra, um país que tem todas as hipóteses de ser uma grande potência do Norte de África, não só pelas riquezas energéticas mas também pela dimensão e localização geoestratégica.
As armas fornecidas aos rebeldes na luta contra Kadhafi estão agora nas mãos de jovens que ganham subsídio de desemprego e que não têm rigorosamente nada para fazer. Além disso, pertencem a diversas etnias que rivalizam entre si, e isso vê-se frequentemente pelas rixas e atentados, como o do jogador de futebol Ashraf Abdul Wahab que, no passado dia 14 de outubro, foi baleado em Trípoli.
Também o fornecedor de eletricidade do país, a GECOL, alerta para a possibilidade de continuação dos cortes de energia durante o inverno, devido à falta de segurança que existe para assegurar o trabalho das empresas estrangeiras que fazem a manutenção das centrais. As explorações de petróleo estão também muito abaixo da sua capacidade de produção, pelas mesmas razões e, em Trípoli, há também quebras no abastecimento de água.
As milícias tornaram-se a força todo-poderosa da Líbia, um estado dentro do Estado, que ameaçam desintegrar e fragmentar o país. Livrar-se de Kadhafi foi a parte fácil, reconstruir a Líbia será sempre a parte mais difícil.
Mas espero que sirva de lição para o que querem fazer na Síria. As muitas sucursais da Al-Qaeda que estão a operar no terreno já controlam mais território do que os próprios rebeldes. A continuar assim, quem irá tomar conta deste país será a grande multinacional do terrorismo jihadista, a Al-Qaeda, que, por sua vez, também controla uma boa parte da África subsariana, parte do Afeganistão e do Paquistão, bem como as rotas marítimas que passam pela Somália. É, sem dúvida alguma, a grande potência emergente neste século XXI, aquela que controla grande parte do fluxo de comércio internacional de armas, pessoas e drogas.

Utilizar os terroristas para jogar interesses de poder, como aconteceu na Líbia, e está a suceder na Síria, é um jogo muito perigoso. Achar que se consegue manipulá-los mostra uma grande ingenuidade, porque eles têm uma agenda e interesses próprios. Provavelmente, são os terroristas jihadistas que controlam quem acham que os está a comandar.»


Libyan block stamp of 1983 («14th aniversary of revolution» of 1969): women army was manipulated and abused and after victims of the «rebels» and them support

United States of America and Russia seems created together, better ways to Syria now ... we hope that peace will arrive and Syrian women, men and childreen are deeply respected!

ESTADOS UNIDOS DA AMÉRICA IV - CIVITATES FOEDERATAE AMERICAE IV - UNITED STATES OF AMERICA IV

«United States Balance of Trade, 1980–2012, based on February 2013 data. Data Source: US Census Bureau Foreign Trade Division» Morn (Wikipedia)

Republicans, divided, stop them blackmail over social protection using them power in Congress over debt limit. The irresponsability have consequences: the confidence about Federal debt, the escape of USA bonds by China, for example, much more important than agencies ratings.

Paul Krugman with him superficial manipulation of macroeconomic variables said in New York Times (http://krugman.blogs.nytimes.com/2013/10/18/the-china-debt-syndrome/?smid=tw-NytimesKrugman&seid=auto&_r=0):

«wouldn’t China selling our bonds send interest rates up and depress the U.S. economy? (...) have yet to see any coherent explanation of how it’s supposed to work.

Think about it: China selling our bonds wouldn’t drive up short-term interest rates, which are set by the Fed. It’s not clear why it would drive up long-term rates, either, since these mainly reflect expected short-term rates. And even if Chinese sales somehow put a squeeze on longer maturities, the Fed could just engage in more quantitative easing and buy those bonds up.

It’s true that China could, possibly, depress the value of the dollar. But that would be good for America! Think about Abenomics in Japan: its biggest success so far has been driving down the value of the yen, helping Japanese exporters.

But, you say, Greece. Well, Greece doesn’t have its own currency or monetary policy; capital flight there led to a fall in the money supply, which wouldn’t happen here.»

If Federation would lost external financing that will not good for USA! Create money without external financing of trade balance deficit and Federal deficit is not sustentable. The devaluation of dolar could be danger. We have a reality with much more variables than macroeconomic models! Be careful keynesians and liberals! You are ignorants and dangerous! The reality show clearly your errors in World! We need a more complex point oof view, we must change World regulation! 

About United States of America competitivity, Christine Lagarde said in an interwiew published by Dinheiro Vivo (http://www.dinheirovivo.pt/Faz/Artigo/CIECO284035.html):

Christine Lagarde, IMF General Director (Reuters/Mike Theiler)

«Na sua opinião, o que será necessário para os Estados Unidos recuperarem a sua competitividade?Para mim, a competitividade é conferida pelo preço ou pela qualidade – e, com isso, refiro-me a uma mistura adequada de tecnologia, invenção e marcas. Uma coisa que poderia ajudar seria a inovação continuada, uma área que foi extremamente benéfica para a competitividade dos Estados Unidos. O meu conselho é nunca desistir da educação e nunca desistir do desenvolvimento científico, porque é daí que deriva muita produtividade e competitividade.

TORTURA - CRUCIATUS - TORTURE

   Parties

   States which have signed but not ratified the Statute

   UN member states which have neither signed nor acceded to the Statute

«A map of parties to the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court» - Danlaycock (Wikipedia)

Torture is one of the horrible manifestations of tyranny, ignorance and fanaticism. History have a deep shame oof all atrocities commited against Human Beings.

But we have torture in democratic societies also. The former Prime Minister of Portugal, José Sócrates will launch a book, «Confiança no Mundo», «Confidence in the World», with this theme (October 23, 2013)

Stangely, or not, Maria Luís Albuquerque, Portuguese Minister of Finances used the same word for talk about what Government don´t want do with Portuguese Persons:

«Temos uma restrição financeira que ainda é muito severa (...) este conjunto de medidas difíceis vai permitir-nos alcançar as metas (...)

Não é intenção do Governo torturar os portugueses (...)

Nós reporemos os salários tão cedo quanto possível e reporemos as pensões tão cedo quanto possível, mas atendendo a que o país está numa circunstância muito difícil e que a recuperação será ainda lenta, não  podemos comprometer-nos a fazê-lo já no próximo ano (...)

Do nossos ponto de vista são claramente constitucionais. Consultámos constitucionalistas e temos fundamentações económicas (...)

(...) há ainda um trabalho importante a fazer. Nós estamos a  fazer esse caminho. Ainda assim não temos a possibilidade de reduzir os recursos no Estado, como uma empresa privada (...)

Somos afetados como todos os outros, sou funcionária pública. Tenho três filhos pequenos, as despesas são maiores e as receitas mais pequenas (...).

Nós não sabemos quais as exigências para um programa cautelar, para o caso português isso nem sequer foi discutido, ao contrário da Irlanda.
(...) a coesão política e social é um ativo muito importante para a confiança no nosso país» 

This Portuguese Government use the potential and limited power between four years to punish the Portuguese Persons for responsabilities linked to Political Society and big groups (internal or external) that created the present situation. More, Government don´t solve the problem that create the conditions for it existence (the majority of votes in 2011 elections gave by the same Persons), worst, create more problems, complicated the problem!  

The self admirateur former Prime Minister Sócrates said about himself that he is «o chefe democrático que a direita sempre quis ter! Tenho algumas características que a direita acha que são de direita. E não são!» (interview that Expresso will publish in next edition). This kind of Democracy seems a dictatorship between four years, is not the Democracy that countries need: the question is not decided with determination by a leader, but is decided very well in the defence of the well being of the Persons, of the Nations, of the World!

From Russia arrived bad news about Tolokonnikova that wrote in a statement: 
«I want to make a declaration to everyone who has a role in making the decision to put me in isolation (...) If you think that without contact with my friends I will become amenable and open to compromise, and go back on the views I have formed about Mordovia's camps during my time in jail, then you are horribly mistaken.»

«Since Soviet times, the camps of Mordovia have served as the final instrument for the authorities to use in the hope of breaking the will of political prisoners who did not repent in mindless and illegal court cases," wrote Tolokonnikova. "And I am doing everything in my power to take away this torture instrument from our state … I am pleased that I can in some way change the situation in Mordovia's camps today, in order to prevent torture and deaths.»

After Tolokonnikova wrote in a letter communicated by her lawyer Violetta Volkova: «I confess - yes, I am afraid for my life. Because I don't know what will happen to me tonight. What the butchers of the Mordovia prison service will decide to do to me»

PRIMITE WORLD WITH PRIMITIVE PERSONS THAT DON´T RESPECT CRITICS, VALUES AND IDEAS OF PERSONS AND THEM SACRED LIBERTY! FREEDOM FOR ALL PERSONS THAT RESPECT THE FREEDOM OF THE OTHERS!