PAZ E GUERRA V - PAX ET BELLI V - PEACE AND WAR V

Samantha Power, the American ambassador to the United Nations said (16-09-2013):

«We understand some countries did not accept on faith that the samples of blood and hair that the United States received from people affected by the Aug. 21 attack contained sarin, but now Dr. Sellstrom’s samples show the same thing. And it’s very important to note that the regime possesses sarin, and we have no evidence that the opposition posses sarin.»

Russia’s ambassador, Vitaly I. Churkin, said: «(...) how is it possible to fire projectiles at your opponent and miss them all? We need not jump to any conclusions (...).»

A lot of doubts, but all players have responsabilities now, after the first responsability of the syrian opression system that triggered the violence ... war must stop by political pression not by more war!

«The continuing volatile security situation in Libya in general, and in the eastern and southern parts of the country in particular, is a source of grave concern, (...). Targeted political assassinations, criminal activity and attacks and threats against the diplomatic community continue to plague the country, including Tripoli.» - report to the Security Council from the United Nations mission in Libya. 

Who was supported in Lybia? Who was supported in Syria? A lot of weapons for more violence against persons, for more insecurity, for more tyranny, ignorance and fanaticism. Where are the democrats, where are the persons that respect other persons? The majority of them are victims of new powers. 

«The theatre at Leptis Magna» (Picture: Jason Hawkes / @jasonhawkesphot / jasonhawkes.com)

http://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/culturepicturegalleries/9909936/Roman-ruins-in-Libya-aerial-photographs-by-Jason-Hawkes.html?frame=2500368


«United Nations Mission to Investigate Allegations of the Use of Chemical Weapons in the Syrian Arab Republic Report on the Alleged Use of Chemical Weapons in the Ghouta Area of Damascus
on 21 August 2013«(...)

Conclusions 

27. On the basis of the evidence obtained during our investigation of the Ghouta incident, the conclusion is that, on 21 August 2013, chemical weapons have been used in the ongoing conflict between the parties in the Syrian Arab Republic, also against civilians, including children, on a relatively large scale. 

28. In particular, the environmental, chemical and medical samples we have collected provide clear and convincing evidence that surface-to--surface rockets containing the nerve agent Sazrin were used in Ein Tarma, Moadamiyah and Zamalka in the Ghouta area of Damascus. 

29. The facts supporting this conclusion are: 0 Impacted and exploded surface-to-surface rockets, capable to carry a chemical payload, were found to contain Sarin. In Close to the rocket impact sites, in the area where patients were affected, the environment was found to be contaminated by Sarin. I Over fifty interviews given by survivors and health care workers provided ample corroboration of the medical and scientific results. I A number of patients! survivors were clearly diagnosed as intoxicated by an organophosphorous compound. I Blood and urine samples from the same patients were found positive for Sarin and Satin signatures.

30. This result leaves us with the deepest concern.» (http://edition.cnn.com/interactive/2013/08/world/syria-documents/index.html)

Steven Lee Meyers and Rick Gladstone «Russia Denounces U.N. Chemical Report on Syria» September 18, 2013 New York Times (http://www.nytimes.com/2013/09/19/world/middleeast/syria.html?_r=0):
«(...) Russian news reports quoted the country’s deputy foreign minister, Sergei A. Ryabkov, as saying during a visit to Damascus that the Syrian government had provided additional information that showed insurgents used chemical weapons not only on Aug. 21 but also on other occasions.
The Syrians offered no such information to the United Nations chemical weapons inspectors before they left Syria with a trove of forensic samples on Aug. 31. The weapons inspectors have said they will return to Syria to investigate other reported instances of chemical weapons use, but no dates have been announced.
Mr. Ryabkov spoke after meeting with Mr. Assad and his foreign minister, Walid al-Moallem. He did not disclose the precise nature of the additional information the Syrians had conveyed to him, but he was blunt about his criticism of the report presented on Monday at the United Nations.
“We are unhappy about this report,” Mr. Ryabkov said in remarks broadcast by the state television network, RT. “We think that the report was distorted. It was one-sided. The basis of information upon which it is built is insufficient.” He also said Russia needed “to learn and know more on what happened beyond and above that incident of Aug. 21.”
His remarks came a day after Russia’s foreign minister, Sergey V. Lavrov, also questioned the United Nations report, though not as harshly. Mr. Lavrov, who brokered the agreement with Secretary of State John Kerry to put Syria’s chemical weapons under international supervision, said on Tuesday that there were still “serious grounds to believe” that the Aug. 21 attack was a provocation carried out by the rebel side.
Asked about the Russian criticisms, Martin Nesirky, a spokesman for Ban Ki-moon, the United Nations secretary general, said it had been clear to everyone that the chemical weapons inspectors were focusing first on the Aug. 21 attack because of its magnitude and were planning to return to Syria to investigate other suspected assaults involving chemical munitions, with a more comprehensive report to be compiled thereafter. (...)»

"What is worrying are the clashes themselves," a second Turkish official said, referring to rebel infighting generally.
"What we want is to see the various coalition groups put their house in order and focus on the struggle with the regime, because that is the real issue - the violence inflicted by the regime on the Syrian people."
Ankara has been one of the strongest backers of the rebels in the 2-1/2-year uprising against Assad. While it denies arming them, fighters including militant Islamists have been able to cross its border into Syria.

At the same time, many activists and Kurdish forces accuse Turkey of allowing radical groups to go through its territory to launch attacks on its other foe - Kurdish militias, who are now operating on the frontier in northeastern Syria. Turkey denies those charges.» Jonathon Burch and Alexander Dziadosz

September 19 Reuters (http://www.reuters.com/article/2013/09/19/us-syria-crisis-turkey-idUSBRE98I0C120130919)

About the Government of Turkey we remember the opression to turkish citoyens that represented by democratic elections:




The Portuguese poet Manuel Alegre said in him poem «Trova do Vento que Passa» (1967) against Salazar authocracy:

«Mesmo na noite mais triste
Em tempo de servidão
Há sempre alguém que resiste
Há sempre alguém que diz não.»

«Anche nella notte più triste
In tempi di schiavitù
C’è sempre qualcuno che resiste
C’è sempre qualcuno che dice no.»

«Even the saddest night
In time of servitude
There is always someone who resists
There is always someone who says no.»



«Western powers did not want to intervene in Syria's civil war for more than two years, but the use of chemical weapons brought President Obama "kicking and screaming into doing something", said Christiane Amanpour.

The London-based broadcaster for American networks said was "stunned" by British MPs voting not to take part in military action.
But she added: "Having covered wars, I also know that limited targeted strikes - no boots on the ground - are sometimes really necessary to end terrible, terrible, terrible, inhuman suffering."
In her personal film for BBC1's This Week, she claimed it was the "credible threat of US force" in Syria that forced the Syrians, with Russians, to discuss destroying weapons.» 20 September 2013 BBC (http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-24170327)
But we have vicious circles in Syria: the weapons that increased the conflict with a changed Irak by an incredible war, with a suspicious Turkish Government, ... with so many forces that turns dialectic way a complex labyrint ...

«A senior Obama administration official said Friday that the United States was encouraged by the initial inventory that the Syrian government had submitted of its chemical weapons arsenal.  

 “We were pleasantly surprised by the completeness of their declaration,” said the official, who declined to be identified because he was not authorized to speak publicly on the matter. (...)

 The Organization for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons, the watchdog group known as the O.P.C.W. that oversees the international agreement banning poison gas, said on Friday that Syria had provided “an initial declaration” of its chemical weapons program.

The submission met the first deadline for Syrian compliance that was set down by the framework agreement that the United States and Russia concluded in Geneva last weekend.

American, British, Chinese, French and Russian diplomats are debating the terms of a United Nations Security Council resolution that would enforce the agreement. (...)»

“It was better than expected,” he added.» Michael R. Gordon and Nick Cumming-Bruce, 21-09-2013 New York Times (http://www.nytimes.com/2013/09/21/world/middleeast/syria.html?_r=0)  

BAVIERA - BAVARIA - BAVARIA

«Members of Christian Social Union (CSU), sister party to Christian Democrats (CDU), react as they watch exit polls in Munich, September 15, 2013.»
REUTERS/Michael Dalder

«Opposition Social Democratic (SPD) party members react as they learn that liberal FDP reached about 3 percent in exit polls in Munich, September 15, 2013.»
REUTERS/Michaela Rehle

All is open to Federal elections ...

Freistaat Bayern, Free State of Bavaria ... 


Bavarian, Baiuvarii «Men of Baia» homeland of the Celtic Boii. Bavaria is a region north of the Alps, part of the Roman provinces of RAETIA and NORICUM. After Roman withdrawal late in the 5th century, the Celtic Boii, Romans, Marcomanni, Allemanni, Quadi, Thuringians, Goths, Scirians, Rugians, Heruli create the roots of the modern Bavaria.


«Bayern nach der Teilung 1392» Lencer (Wikipedia) Creative Commons (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/deed.en)

«Blick auf die Walhalla von Süden» photo by Tedbi (Wikipedia)


«Innenansicht Walhalla (Empore)» and «Innenansicht Walhalla (Marmorbüsten, in der Mitte von Sophie Scholl)» photos by Michael J. Zirbes (Wikipedia) Creative Commons (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/deed.en)
The heroine Sophia Magdalena Scholl (9 May 1921 – 22 February 1943) «was a German student and revolutionary, active within the White Rose non-violent resistance group in Nazi Germany. She was convicted of high treason after having been found distributing anti-war leaflets at the University of Munich with her brother Hans.» Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sophie_Scholl

POBRE TUGAL EUROPEU - PAUPEREM TUGALLIA EUROPAE - EUROPEAN POOR TUGAL

This is the Standard & Poor´s financial risk point of view of earth without heart and soul: poor point of view that added an o to Portugal and result Poortugal! «Non investment grade» to Portuguese Republic. Henry Varnum Poor can´t imagined that, so poor and so standard in it assumption and fundamentation.
«World countries by Standard & Poor´s Foreign Rating» map by Hariboneagle927/Boweruk/DOSGuy (Wikipedia) Creative Commons (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/deed.en)

The wealth of Portugal is not materialistic it´s spiritual!

Da autocracia de Salazar para a Democracia Europeia
Manteve-se a cultura oligárquica e parasitária e a sua secular teia
Que transformou profundas oportunidades em ameaças latentes
Porque a cultura de colecta predominou sobre o lançamento de sementes

Materialistas e gulosos internos e externos oportunismos
Afunilaram ainda mais os diferentes ismos
Mas a Nação Portuguesa, com os seus empresários e trabalhadores
Mostra ao Mundo como se transcendem as dores
Não são necessários conquistadores
Mas sim os enraízados navegadores
Por todo o Mundo e mais além
As empresas e famílias, mais do que ninguém
Afirmam de que há muito mais do que o euro e o vintém
Com a sua cultura Luso-Latina de criatividade
De Amor e afectividade,
Com muita, imensa  saudade
Suportam os fardos tão pesados
Que lhes são constantemente atados
Como dizia na sua pintura Metrass, sim só Deus
Porque não é o humano Zeus
Só Deus com o seu Amor
Ajuda a superar a Lusitana Dor

«II Encontro Presente no Futuro» - «Portugal europeu. E agora?» - Fundação Francisco Manuel dos Santos (13 e 14 de Setembro de 2013) - Liceu Pedro Nunes http://www.presentenofuturo.pt/portugal-europeu/pos-encontro/ (http://www.ffms.pt/)(http://www.conheceracrise.com/) (http://www.pop.pt/) (http://www.pordata.pt/)

Fernanda Freitas, Marina Costa Lobo, Manuel Romano, António Araújo (Fotos © Álvaro Isidro/ Global Imagens) http://www.dn.pt/galerias/fotos/?content_id=3419965&seccao=Pol%EDticaMarina Costa Lobo
«Precisamos de convergir com os padrões políticos, económicos e sociais (...) Os portugueses adquiriram direitos de cidadania com o 25 de Abril. Só que isso na maioria ficou no papel até à entrada na União Europeia.»

Augusto Mateus
«(...) pela primeira vez não temos uma forte convergência do crescimento económico no mundo". [A globalização dos mercados sem que as reservas de produção se tenham globalizado geraram desemprego. Quando Portugal entrou na União Europeia era o país com os salários mais baixos. Portugal e Espanha tiveram um forte investimento internacional.] tudo parecia fácil (...) a Europa envelheceu dramaticamente (...) A Europa adoptou o primado do papel e lápis ou seja das folha oficiais, afastando-se da realidade (...) crise portuguesa é uma crise de falhanço do pacto de estabilidade. Uma regra que é muito mais vezes violada do que cumprida" [há muito que deveria ter sido mudada. Há ainda um falhanço na forma como o euro é gerido.]
(...) o problema não é colocar computadores nas escolas, o problema é criarmos escolas que não dispensem a utilização de computadores". [Quanto à riqueza, temos que gerar riqueza e utilizar bem essa riqueza criada para que um país criar melhor qualidade de vida. Fizemos tudo ao contrário, tudo para a coesão não conseguindo depois recuperar o investimento que fizemos.]
[Não se podem fazer projectos individuais mas sim de colaboração] Temos feito investimentos que não duram (...) Temos mais medo da solução do que do problema. [É mais difícil ser gerido do que gerir.]»

Catherine Moury
Catherine Moury afirmou que numa perspectiva formal os pequenos países, como Portugal, perderam com a mudança do processo de decisão europeu. Existe uma monopolização das decisões económicas pelos maiores países da União Europeia.

António Vitorino
«Portugal construiu um perfil de bom aluno no quadro das negociações europeias. Foi uma apólice de seguro para a concretização democrática. Foi um sucedâneo ao fim do império para contrariar a perificidade de Portugal, a real e a imaginária e uma maneira de gerir uma relação com o nosso vizinho, a Espanha, foi baseada num programa de bem-estar (...).
Portugal nunca foi um país em que as tensões tivessem centrados na integração europeia (...).
O interesse europeu é a interacção dos interesses nacionais (...) Mais difícil pelo número (...) Os equilíbrios na UE saíram alterados pela crise do euro. (...)
Estamos a assistir uma mutação constitucional. O que é? É quando um regime muda sem se mudarem as regras do regime (...) mutação constitucional, ofuscada pela crise, que vai alterar no futuro todo o funcionamento da União (...) quando a vida se mete pelos interstícios dos tratados (...) Europa alemã (...) tigre de papel (...) vê-se que acabaremos a pedir à Alemanha o que elas não nos pode dar (...) Há um debate tímido na política externa, a Alemanha está confrontada com um desafio político, e é um país que tem sintomas de grande proteccionismo e é um pais que tem uma grande qualidade no produto mas está a perder dinamismo na inovação (...) A Alemanha precisa de nós.
(...) O interesse de Portugal é que o Reino Unido não abandone a União Europeia. Nós somos um país que se identifica com a frente Atlântica, a sua saída levaria a um afunilamento continental (...) Temos de garantir que a Europa não é um supermercado onde se vai levantar o que se quer naquele momento (...) É dentro do euro que temos de vencer (...) A comissão é fundamental para um país como Portugal. Não é bom uma relação intergovernamental, mas ao mesmo tempo há que reconhecer que a crise pôs em evidência a legitimidade democrática da União (...)».

Para António Vitorino, no financiamento pelos fundos europeus no âmbito do Quadro de Referência Estratégico Nacional (QREN) de projectos, a inclusão de «critérios de concorrência», dos seus efeitos na economia de Portugal é favorável, ao contrário da outra proposta governamental de descentralização do processo de decisão: «Chamo a atenção para que esta última opção torna mais fácil a captura dos fundos pelos interesses há muito instalados» [A "VILANAGEM" AGUARDA PARA DE NOVO SE FARTAR, QUE VERGONHA]

Para Wolfgang Munchau «15% de desemprego diz-nos que um grande choque aconteceu (...) Lisboa parece calma como há três anos, mas isso não significa que não estejamos viver a maior crise de que as pessoas desta sala têm memória (...).
Ontem o parlamento europeu votou sobre a união bancário e no próximo ano haverá uma supervisão central, que gerir 75% dos bancos da Europa, o que é um passo (...) 

Fátima Barros, João Vale de Almeida e José Manuel Félix Ribeiro (Fotografia © Pedro Rocha/Global Imagens)

«(...) a melhor qualidade de vida no mundo acontece na Europa (...) Há uma boa síntese entre economia de mercado e papel de Estado, o individual e o colectivo» - João Vale de Almeida [E DENTRO DA EUROPA ACONTECE EM PORTUGAL!]

João Pedro Vale de Almeida concedeu ao Diário de Notícias uma entrevista publicada em 14-09-2013 (http://www.dn.pt/politica/interior.aspx?content_id=3419255&page=-1):

«O futuro da União Europeia está no reforço das suas dimensões política e económica, diz João Vale de Almeida. O embaixador da UE nos Estados Unidos defende um espaço europeu de debate e vê nos partidos e no governos a responsabilidade de mudarem a perceção que os cidadãos têm da Europa.

Começou em Portugal, trabalhou muitos anos na Europa e agora é embaixador nos EUA . Com a vantagem dessa tripla visão, como é que analisa o presente e que futuro perspetiva para a UE?
O futuro da Europa está no reforço das suas dimensões política e económica. Os países europeus são pequenos de mais para enfrentarem os desafios do mundo de hoje. Portanto, estão "condenados" a aproximarem-se e a reforçar o edifício europeu. Economicamente, claro, mas, concomitantemente, no plano político.
Em que moldes isso deve ser feito?
Temos um problema não tanto de democraticidade mas antes de legitimidade ou da sua perceção. Há personalidades e instituições a decidir coisas sobre a minha vida, enquanto cidadão europeu, e muitas vezes não tenho noção clara de sua legitimidade. Aí temos de agir, mas isso não passa por grandes constituições ou tratados. Antes por criar um espaço europeu de debate, por um trabalho dos partidos políticos e por uma nova atitude dos governos. Enquanto continuarem de segunda a sexta-feira a dizer mal da Europa não vão convencer os cidadãos a votar no domingo a seu favor.

Existe a ideia que são Angela Merkel e François Hollande que tomam as rédeas da UE...
Todas as decisões da UE são tomadas coletivamente. Podemos ter a perceção de que um líder pesa mais do que outro, até pelas suas qualidades de liderança, mas todas as decisões do Conselho Europeu têm a participação do primeiro-ministro português, qualquer decisão do Parlamento Europeu, de deputados portugueses, e na Comissão até temos o presidente... Essa noção é relativa.
Mas nesta altura parece fácil imputar responsabilidades à Europa pelos problemas internos dos Estados membros...
O discurso de Durão Barroso foi muito claro: é preciso que todos os europeístas se unam para evitar que nas próximas eleições europeias haja um crescimento das forças populistas e eurocéticas. E isso seria um percalço muito perigoso para o processo de construção da UE.

Como é que analisa a tendência dos países europeus reorientarem as suas agendas económicas para o Sul?
A relação económica (e também política) mais relevante do mundo é a transatlântica. A globalização tem aberto novos mercados para as pessoas e para os produtos europeus e americanos, mas o núcleo duro da economia internacional está no Atlântico. E ainda pode haver intensificação do comércio transatlântico, com a parceria que está prevista...
Do ponto de vista diplomático, como está a ser gerido o caso de alegada espionagem às instituições europeias por parte do parceiro EUA?
Com muita atenção, porque toca em valores essenciais da relação transatlântica e desde o primeiro dia - fui o primeiro europeu a contactar a Casa Branca na tarde em que o jornal alemão revelou aqueles documentos. E junto dos nossos amigos norte-americanos estamos a tentar resolver a questão. Não falei com o presidente Barack Obama mas tive oportunidade de o fazer com os seus mais diretos colaboradores, que desconheciam essas operações...

E sobre a Síria?
A Europa está a fazer ouvir-se com uma voz forte e unida. Exigimos uma resposta robusta em relação à utilização de armas químicas e apostamos numa solução política e na ajuda humanitária e, em Genebra, queremos lançar o processo de diálogo entre o regime sírio e a oposição. Mas não seremos complacentes com qualquer tática de ganhar tempo da parte do regime sírio.»

PARA ALÉM DE EUROPEU, PORTUGAL E SUA NAÇÃO LUSO LATINA SÃO UNIVERSALISTAS, COM RAÍZES PROFUNDAS NA AMÉRICA E NA ÁFRICA POR VIA DO ATLÂNTICO, MAS TAMBÉM NA ÁSIA E OCEANIA POR VIA DO ÍNDICO E PACÍFICO!

FORTUNED PORTUGAL, YOUR WEALTH IS NOT MATERIALISTIC, IT´S SPIRITUAL: UNIVERSAL AND MILENAR CHRISTIAN AND LATIN CULTURE OF LOVE, AFECTNESS AND CREATIVITY TURN YOUR COUNTRY ONE OF THE BESTS FOR LIVE IN EARTH! PORTUGUESE PERSONS ARE VERY GOOD PERSONS, PORTUGAL IS A VERY KIND COUNTRY!

GERMÂNIA VI - GERMANIA VI - GERMANY VI

CDU/CSU waiting for FDP fall would be limited at 5% (minimum for Bundestag)

SPD will try in the last days, door to door, win more votes ... and wait for a better result for Greens

Post 1990 Election Results and August 2013 Poll Standings © EuroPoint 2013

https://globality.cc.stonybrook.edu/?p=827

INSA pools (http://www.wahlrecht.de/umfragen/insa.htm):

O: Online-Panel – internetbasierte Befragung von gezielt ausgewählten Mitgliedern einer Personengruppe (Befragten-Pool)

AfD = Alternative für Deutschland

CDU = Christlich Demokratische Union Deutschlands

CSU = Christlich-Soziale Union in Bayern e. V.

SPD = Sozialdemokratische Partei Deutschlands

GRÜNE = BÜNDNIS 90/DIE GRÜNEN

FDP = Freie Demokratische Partei

FW = FREIE WÄHLER Bundesvereinigung

LINKE = DIE LINKE

PIRATEN = Piratenpartei Deutschland

Sonstige = sonstige Parteien

– Als Umfragewert: nicht ausgewiesen; als Wahlergebnis: nicht teilgenommen

Quellen: INSA-Meinungstrend der Insa Consulere GmbH bzw. bild.de und BILD (auch Auftraggeber), außer die Umfragen vom 21. April, 17. Mai und 1. Juni 2013 (Quelle und Auftraggeber: FOCUS); erhoben im YouGov-Deutschland-Panel; angegeben ist das Datum der Veröffentlichung

PAZ E GUERRA IV - PAX ET BELLI IV - PEACE AND WAR IV

Outside and inside USA: social problems increase in the country, «number of US households receiving food stamps hits another record high» http://video.foxnews.com/v/2672318340001/us-taking-eyes-off-serious-domestic-issues/?playlist_id=928378949001

Violence, tyranny, ignorance and fanaticism must be stopped, but not with more vicious circles of violence, not with support of tyranny, ignorance and fanaticism. The way is the diplomatic way ... 

«While we have made important progress, much more work remains to be done, The United States will continue working with Russia, the United Kingdom, France, the United Nations and others to ensure that this process is verifiable, and that there are consequences should the Assad regime not comply with the framework agreed today.  And, if diplomacy fails, the United States remains prepared to act.» President of United States of America, Barack Obama

«When we see that the U.S. genuinely stands for stability in our region, stops threatening us with military intervention and stops supplying terrorists with weapons, then we will consider it possible to finalize all necessary procedures and they will become legitimate and acceptable for Syria (...) [all countries in the area must honor anti-chemical weapons agreements,] and the first country to do so is Israel because it possesses nuclear, chemical and biological weapons -- all types of weapons of mass destruction.» President of Syria, Assad

United States of America and Russia reached an agreement about Syria in September 14, 2013:

1

SEPTEMBER 14, 2013

««FRAMEWORK FOR ELIMINATION OF SYRIAN CHEMICAL WEAPONS»

«Taking into account the decision of the Syrian Arab Republic to accede to the ChemicalWeapons Convention and the commitment of the Syrian authorities to provisionally apply theConvention prior to its entry into force, the United States and the Russian Federation expresstheir joint determination to ensure the destruction of the Syrian chemical weapons program(CW) in the soonest and safest manner.

For this purpose, the United States and the Russian Federation have committed to prepare andsubmit in the next few days to the Executive Council of the OPCW a draft decision settingdown special procedures for expeditious destruction of the Syrian chemical weapons programand stringent verification thereof. The principles on which this decision should be based, inthe view of both sides, are set forth in Annex A. The United States and the RussianFederation believe that these extraordinary procedures are necessitated by the prior use ofthese weapons in Syria and the volatility of the Syrian civil war.

The United States and the Russian Federation commit to work together towards promptadoption of a UN Security Council resolution that reinforces the decision of the OPCWExecutive Council. This resolution will also contain steps to ensure its verification andeffective implementation and will request that the UN Secretary-General, in consultation withthe OPCW, submit recommendations to the UN Security Council on an expedited basisregarding the UN’s role in eliminating the Syrian chemical weapons program.

The United States and the Russian Federation concur that this UN Security Council resolutionshould provide for review on a regular basis the implementation in Syria of the decision of theExecutive Council of the OPCW, and in the event of non-compliance, including unauthorizedtransfer, or any use of chemical weapons by anyone in Syria, the UN Security Council shouldimpose measures under Chapter VII of the UN Charter.

The proposed joint US-Russian OPCW draft decision supports the application of Article VIIIof the Chemical Weapons Convention, which provides for the referral of any cases of non-compliance to the United Nations General Assembly and the United Nations SecurityCouncil.

In furtherance of the objective to eliminate the Syrian chemical weapons program, the UnitedStates and the Russian Federation have reached a shared assessment of the amount and type ofchemical weapons involved, and are committed to the immediate international control overchemical weapons and their components in Syria. The United States and the RussianFederation expect Syria to submit, within a week, a comprehensive listing, including names,types, and quantities of its chemical weapons agents, types of munitions, and location andform of storage, production, and research and development facilities.

2

We further determined that the most effective control of these weapons may be achieved byremoval of the largest amounts of weapons feasible, under OPCW supervision, and theirdestruction outside of Syria, if possible. We set ambitious goals for the removal anddestruction of all categories of CW related materials and equipment with the objective ofcompleting such removal and destruction in the first half of 2014. In addition to chemicalweapons, stocks of chemical weapons agents, their precursors, specialized CW equipment,and CW munitions themselves, the elimination process must include the facilities for thedevelopment and production of these weapons. The views of both sides in this regard are setforth in Annex B.

The United States and the Russian Federation have further decided that to achieveaccountability for their chemical weapons, the Syrians must provide the OPCW, the UN, andother supporting personnel with the immediate and unfettered right to inspect any and all sitesin Syria. The extraordinary procedures to be proposed by the United States and the RussianFederation for adoption by the OPCW Executive Council and reinforced by a UN SecurityCouncil resolution, as described above, should include a mechanism to ensure this right.

Under this framework, personnel under both the OPCW and UN mandate should bedispatched as rapidly as possible to support control, removal, and destruction of Syria’schemical weapons capabilities.

The United States and the Russian Federation believe that the work of the OPCW and the UNwill benefit from participation of the experts of the P5 countries.

The United States and the Russian Federation strongly reiterate their position on Syria asreflected in the Final Communique of the G-8 Summit in Northern Ireland in June 2013,especially as regards chemical weapons.

The two sides intend to work closely together, and with the OPCW, the UN, all Syrian parties,and with other interested member states with relevant capabilities to arrange for the securityof the monitoring and destruction mission, recognizing the primary responsibility of theSyrian Government in this regard.

The United States and the Russian Federation note that there are details in furtherance of theexecution of this framework that need to be addressed on an expedited basis in the comingdays and commit to complete these details, as soon as practicable, understanding that time isof the essence given the crisis in Syria.»