GERMÂNIA II - GERMANIA II - GERMANY II

Sylt, the very beautiful German island (with an artificial isthmus), the extrem north point of Germany, where friendly and kinder squirrels up to us to take a nut from our hands!

Our hope for Europe is an democratic alternative to conservative and liberal Government of Germany by SPD and Gründen that change German politics.


Peter Steinbrück family (http://www.express.de/politik-wirtschaft/kein-interesse-am-rummel-steinbruecks-frau--fuehre-mein-eigenes-leben,2184,21018328.html)

In this sense let we see an interwiew with the SPD candidate to next elections to German Bundestag by Spiegel in 8-4-2013
http://www.spiegel.de/international/germany/spiegel-interview-with-spd-candidate-peer-steinbrueck-a-892973.html:

«SPIEGEL: Mr. Steinbrück, following the revelations about trillions of euros in assets deposited in offshore tax havens, you have called for a tougher approach against tax evaders. Why have you waited so long? You would have had an opportunity to do this when you were finance minister.

Steinbrück: First, I have advocated a tougher approach for years. Second, if there was anyone who placed the topic on the agenda during his term in office, with the support of the OECD and my French partners at the time, it was I. Some have even quoted my use of the word "cavalry" to criticize my hard-hitting approach.
SPIEGEL: Why do Germany and the European Union have such a hard time taking action against tax havens?
Steinbrück: The current government has indeed neglected the issue. Worse yet, Mrs. Merkel's government wanted to stop German tax authorities and public prosecutor's offices from accepting tax CDs for their investigations of tax evaders. This makes the latest reactions about wanting to establish a sort of tax FBI all the more hypocritical. That's what the German government should have done long ago, instead of sidelining the tax evasion probes.
SPIEGEL: What's your objection to a nationwide tax investigation authority?
Steinbrück: It's the usual strategy of the government. First it does nothing, and now it's far too late in presenting an idea that the SPD already proposed in a five-point paper on combating tax fraud. In that document, we also proposed a criminal code for corporations, which could be used to force the banks to assist tax investigators. So far the government has rejected all of these ideas.
SPIEGEL: At least one tax oasis could have been dried out by now: Switzerland. The SPD prevented that from happening.
Steinbrück: No, the SPD prevented a tax amnesty that wouldn't even have made tax fraud impossible. The German-Swiss treaty would have left bigger holes than you get in a piece of Swiss cheese. My successor Wolfgang Schäuble was prepared to exempt German tax evaders from punishment, allow them to remain anonymous and accept tax secrecy, while the Americans get all the data on their tax evaders with money in Swiss bank accounts. With the help of the OECD, which I have just visited, and the European Commission, the pressure on European tax havens should have been intensified by now.
SPIEGEL: Do you expect that the desire to avoid tax will become even stronger if the SPD and the Greens form the next government?
Steinbrück: Why?
SPIEGEL: Because you want to revoke some of the tax cuts enacted during the former SPD/Greens government.
Steinbrück: Times have changed since the crisis. We will not increase all taxes for everyone, but some taxes for some people. I stand by that because the gaps in income and wealth distribution are widening. To contribute to greater equality of opportunities, we have to invest more money in infrastructure and education, as well as help local authorities. At the same time, we have to adhere to the debt brake.
SPIEGEL: You could also cut spending.
Steinbrück: An SPD/Greens government under my leadership will make savings. We will cut subsidies where there are environmental disincentives. For instance, we will repeal the Mövenpick tax break for hotels. Other changes will follow. For more than 10 years, we have been in a situation in which top incomes and assets have been growing considerably, while ordinary citizens have had to accept real wage losses. That's why stronger shoulders will also have to contribute more to the funding of public services.
SPIEGEL: The income gap between rich and poor hasn't grown any larger in recent years.
Steinbrück: The basic situation hasn't changed. In recent years, we have also been dealing with stagnating real wages and a significant increase in income and wealth at the upper levels of society. The gap has grown wider, as Hans-Ulrich Wehler recently explained convincingly in a SPIEGEL interview.
SPIEGEL: But it was already there when your party was still in power.
Steinbrück: We didn't manage to reduce the incomes gap. But the current government hasn't even tried. Besides, the situation and the challenges have changed since 2008, when the major crisis erupted. Society is drifting apart.
SPIEGEL: Former Chancellor Gerhard Schröder likes to point out that the relatively low tax rates have helped Germany become competitive again.
Steinbrück: Yes, but as I said, we face different problems today. Demographic change and the integration of children from weaker social classes mean that more money is needed for education, if we want to keep our society together and innovative. We'll have to do more for childcare to help improve opportunities for women in the workplace.
SPIEGEL: Where exactly do you stand within your party on a program like that? Still to the right or more to the left now?
Steinbrück: The left-right scheme is too simplistic for me. If something that is socially just also makes sense economically, I support it. The introduction of a comprehensive, statutory minimum wage, for example, is socially just and makes economic sense, because purchasing power is increased.
SPIEGEL: Those are the words of someone who is trying to please everyone. So far, you have always been viewed as a representative of the party's right wing.
Steinbrück: That doesn't make sense to me. It isn't a matter of right or left, but of right or wrong. For example, it's a question of ensuring that no child is left behind. And providing for affordable housing is probably less of an issue of right or left, but of social necessity.
SPIEGEL: You just visited President Fraçois Hollande in France. What can a German Social Democrat learn from the winner of last year's French election?
Steinbrück: He too made an issue out of the question of greater balance, specifically in French society. Apparently both we and the French Socialists are concerned with the same question: How do we keep a society together? That's how he won the election…
SPIEGEL: … a victory he is now putting on the line with many scandals and a clearly leftist economic program.
Steinbrück: He has been in office for 10 months, and he can hardly be held responsible for the omissions of two conservative presidents. He can't be blamed for the scandal surrounding his budget minister, who lied to him and the French people. We have many similarities, especially when it comes to European policy. But that doesn't meant that in Germany everything has to be done the same way it's done in France.
SPIEGEL: How worrisome is the situation in France, where unemployment is rising sharply and the economy is in a crisis?
Steinbrück: The French president is familiar with the situation in his country and gave me a no-frills description. We Germans, in particular, have a great interest in ensuring that his efforts to make France more competitive are successful. Together, we have to make sure that the crisis in Europe does not destabilize our social order and social cohesion.
SPIEGEL: Hollande blames Europe's austerity policy, which Germany, in particular, has been pushing.
Steinbrück: The very one-sided crisis management pursued by Mrs. Merkel's government, which is geared solely toward cutting costs, is a mistake. As a result, entire countries have entered a vicious circle of sharply declining growth, higher unemployment, especially among young people, declining tax revenues and rising deficits, which they can hardly refinance anymore. Then their ratings are downgraded and the screw tightens even further. We have to be careful that this crisis management doesn't end up costing us Germans more money than it appears to be costing at the moment.
SPIEGEL: In contrast to Germany, wages have risen sharply in these countries in recent years, while productivity has stagnated. This is why European Central Bank President Mario Draghi argues that there is no getting around a strict austerity policy.
SPIEGEL: I disagree. Reforms are necessary and mistakes have to be corrected. But the mix of consolidation and growth enhancement, of demanding and encouraging, isn't correct. As a result, social tensions are building in these societies.
SPIEGEL: In the end, your argument amounts to a call for Germany to spend more money for Europe.
Steinbrück: Well, saying that in Germany, at any rate, has long been a taboo for the current government.
SPIEGEL: Then you now have the opportunity to break the taboo.
Steinbrück: I'm not saying this for the first time: We must tell people the plain truth. Overcoming the European crisis will cost money. And Germany will always only do well if its neighbors are doing well.
SPIEGEL: Do you want to give the affected countries more time to save money?
Steinbrück: Yes, as long as they make verifiable efforts to improve their situation in return for the solidarity they receive from others.
SPIEGEL: And the consequence is that the rest of Europe, including the Germans, will have to take on more costs?
Steinbrück: If consolidation efforts are tied to stimulating economic growth, it will also be possible to curb costs. Any other solution will not only come with an economic price, but will also impair democracy in Europe. Then we won't be seeing a peaceful demonstration by 200,000 young people in Madrid, but of 300,000, and protests of similar magnitude elsewhere.
SPIEGEL: Do you think Germany has assumed sufficient responsibility in Europe?
Steinbrück: Germany has assumed responsibility. Our country had a good reputation for a long time, but it's no longer quite as certain at the moment. (Former Chancellor) Willy Brandt's motto about Germans wanting to be good neighbors is in question.
SPIEGEL: Does it worry you that posters in Southern Europe depict the chancellor with a Hitler moustache?
Steinbrück: That's completely unacceptable. We Germans haven't prevented these countries from implementing reforms and making themselves more competitive. Their governments should take a look at themselves and shouldn't lay the blame on Mrs. Merkel or a different German leader.
SPIEGEL: Should the Germans change their tone toward the other countries of Europe?
Steinbrück: Yes, there have been tones coming from Germany that were not seen as helpful. For example, the remark by Volker Kauder (chairman of the CDU/CSU parliamentary group in the Bundestag), that German is now being spoken in Europe, or some of the chancellor's speeches ahead of the 2010 regional election in (the western state of North Rhine-Westphalia) were unsettling.
SPIEGEL: You, on the other hand, with your keen diplomatic abilities, would be the right man to represent Germany in Europe?
Steinbrück: I can certainly distinguish between plain language and the duties of the office.
SPIEGEL: It's not that easy for voters.
Steinbrück: Many voters understand my language. In the case of Mrs. Merkel, it's hard to tell what she wants.
SPIEGEL: There would be no more talk of clowns and cavalry attacks?
Steinbrück: The cavalry remark put the debate in a nutshell in political terms. And I won't take back what I said about clowns in relation to Mr. Berlusconi. But you can be sure that as chancellor I will speak the way a chancellor should.
SPIEGEL: So you think that you've learned something?
Steinbrück: One should never stop learning.
SPIEGEL: You were finance minister when you made your cavalry remark. You held a position of governmental responsibility at the time.
Steinbrück: Yes, and a broad segment of the public understood what I was saying perfectly well.
SPIEGEL: But it caused considerable upset in Switzerland.
Steinbrück: Perhaps, but much has changed in Switzerland since then.
SPIEGEL: So far you have only been restrained when it comes to Russia, even though the regime of (President Vladimir) Putin has just taken action against the Konrad Adenauer Foundation and the Friedrich Ebert Foundation, the latter of which is aligned with the SPD. Why were you so loud in the case of Switzerland and are so quiet on Russia?
Steinbrück: What the Russian authorities have done is completely unacceptable, and I strongly object to it. But I believe that since Willy Brandt's time, we have done very well with the motto "change through rapprochement." It's the way we should deal with countries where there are human rights violations. This also applies to China.
SPIEGEL: So you don't agree with your mentor, (former Chancellor) Helmut Schmidt, who says that the West should stay out of these issues?
Steinbrück: These issues must be clearly addressed in direct talks with the governments in question. All former chancellors have done so, it's what the current chancellor does and when I am chancellor, I'll do it, as well.
SPIEGEL: Do you enjoy running for office?
Steinbrück: Yes. Come to my events and you'll see.
SPIEGEL: Have you sometimes regretted running for chancellor?
Steinbrück: Never.
SPIEGEL: We don't quite believe you.
Steinbrück: When I was chosen as the candidate all of a sudden in late September, I assumed a responsibility that goes beyond me as a person. That is why I say "never."
SPIEGEL: Does that mean that you did indeed think of ditching your candidacy?
Steinbrück: No, because when the wind is blowing in your face, you automatically think that a candidacy isn't a private matter. It's sort of like the motto: The air contains iron, so I'd better pull the covers over my head and not get up anymore. I'm aware that I also assumed responsibility for my party, our supporters and a cause. And if things sometimes get tough, you can't ask yourself what impact it's having on you. It isn't an option.

SPIEGEL: Things certainly haven't gone that well in recent months.
Steinbrück: Of course, not everything has gone smoothly. I don't deny that at all. But there have also been times when I had the impression that others had an interest in stirring things up. But that's behind me, and now it's time to enter the campaign and talk about the issues.
Translated from the German by Christopher Sultan

Interview by Konstantin von Hammerstein and Gordon Repinski»


Wolfang Schäuble by him side was critic about European Commission during a televised debate on Europe (May 16, 2013):
[was not] «faster, more efficient»[, for instance in fighting unemployment among young people.
European institutions, are] «always the slowest» [to react and, given their slow pace], «what one could do bilaterally».
About Greece, Schaeuble said that responsibilities within the Commission were too fragmented, creating an administrative burden.

Oskar Lafontaine founder and former chair of the Left Party in him «productivity-oriented wage policy» (May of 2013) have similar points of view of Bernd Lucke, chair of the right-wing party Alternative for Germany (AFD) in Ap, the extremes touch each other (die extreme berühren sich) by a point of view of the World Socialist Web Site (WSWS) published by the «Marxist» International Committee of the Fourth International (ICFI):
«German Left Party’s Oskar Lafontaine calls for return to national currencies» (http://www.wsws.org/en/articles/2013/05/11/lafo-m11.html)

By Christoph Dreier
11 May 2013

«Amid growing social conflicts in Europe, the founder and former chair of the Left Party, Oskar Lafontaine, has made a proposal about how the austerity measures in Europe can be intensified and the continent’s workers divided. He wants to cut wages in the Southern European countries by 20 to 30 percent by reintroducing national currencies.
Last week, Lafontaine published a commentary on his web site, arguing for a “productivity-oriented wage policy”.
“Wages and social expenditure have grown too much in Southern Europe,” writes Lafontaine. Because wages in Germany have sunk, this has led to an economic imbalance that makes exporting from Southern Europe more difficult, he said.
“To again achieve an approximately balanced competitiveness”, says Lafontaine, “countries like Greece, Portugal and Spain [must become] around 20 to 30 percent less expensive, and Germany 20 percent more expensive compared with the average of the EU countries”.
The attempt to reduce wages in the Southern European countries with austerity measures has failed, he said. “The real devaluation through declining wages, leading to a 20 to 30 per cent loss of income in Southern Europe and even in France, is leading to disaster, as we can see already in Spain, Greece and Portugal.”
By disaster, Lafontaine does not mean the social misery, unemployment or pay cuts, which he himself advocates a little later in the text. Rather, he means the risk of uncontrollable social uprisings and revolutions in the face of growing social anger and class tensions throughout Europe. He wants to prevent this by developing a new mechanism for imposing social attacks and stoking up nationalism and chauvinism to divide the European working class.
Concretely, Lafontaine suggests the re-introduction of parallel national currencies “alongside the euro”, in order “to make controlled devaluations and controlled revaluations by means of an exchange rate regime underpinned by the EU possible again”. According to Lafontaine, the Southern European countries should then devalue their own currencies to a level where their exports are competitive again on the world market.
Lafontaine advocated a similar model in 1990, when he was the Social Democratic Party (SPD) candidate for chancellor. At that time, he spoke out against the introduction of the West German deutschemark into East Germany, in order to keep wages as low as possible in the east before reunification.
Lafontaine’s proposal to return to national currencies builds on the austerity policies of the German government. The Merkel government dictates a policy of wage cuts and cuts in social spending to all European countries. With the help of the EU and the IMF, it has unleashed a social disaster in Greece, Portugal, Spain and Italy. In Greece alone, real wages fell by an average of 40 percent. At the same time, unemployment rose to over 27 percent.
For Lafontaine, this does not go far enough. Through the introduction of parallel national currencies, and then devaluing them, he wants to cut wages, pensions and benefits to a minimum with the scythe of inflation.
Such parallel currencies are a common phenomenon in countries of the Balkans and the former Soviet Union, where the euro or the dollar function as a semi-official currency. Workers are paid abysmally low wages in the national currency and have no access to imported goods, international travel or expensive medication, while a wealthy section of the middle class with access to foreign currency is living a comfortable life.
Would Lafontaine’s proposal be implemented, the countries in the south would become a paradise for foreign investors thanks to slave wages, with devastating social consequences. A section of the wealthy middle class would have access to funds and income in euros and to the funding pots of the EU, while their housemaids, gardeners and shoe-shine boys would receive starvation wages.
Lafontaine’s proposal aims to mobilize these middle class layers in order to continue the austerity measures of the financial elite and to suppress the resistance of the workers against them. He aims to deepen the income differentials in Europe, to divide workers and play them off against each other.
Incomes in Europe are already drifting far apart. According to Eurostat, gross average annual wages in Germany in 2012 were €42,400, in Spain €26,300 and €17,400 in Portugal. Lafontaine wants this gulf to widen even further.
His contention that wages in Southern Europe have “grown too strongly” is simply a lie. According to figures from the pro-union Hans Böckler Foundation, real wages in Spain rose by just 4.6 percent from 2000 to 2008, and by only 3.3 percent in Portugal. As a result of the austerity measures they have since fallen dramatically and are mostly below the level in 2000.
The wage reductions proposed by Lafontaine would have a direct impact on Germany. Wages in Germany would not rise by 20 percent, as he suggests. Rather, as in the past, low wages in Southern and Eastern Europe would be used systematically to depress the wages in the Western and Northern European countries. The goal is the destruction of all workers’ social achievements across the continent.
That Lafontaine employs such right-wing and reactionary arguments and openly stands behind the programme of social counter-revolution in Europe reveals the social nature of the Left Party. Emerging from the Stalinist bureaucracy in East Germany and the Social Democratic bureaucracy in the West, it represents the interests of a wealthy layer that is extremely hostile to the working class. The more the crisis sharpens, the closer these elements move to the financial elite and their state apparatus.
Lafontaine’s views on this question hardly differ from those of the most right-wing formations. The proposal to introduce parallel currencies with the aim of devaluation was first advanced two weeks ago by Bernd Lucke, chair of the right-wing party Alternative for Germany (AFD). The AFD advocates a neo-liberal economic programme and is aiming to reduce social spending and other taxes for the rich. They want to maintain the EU and “streamline it through more competition and personal responsibility”.
“In many ways, their criticism of the currently practiced euro rescue is right”, said Left Party deputy chair Sahra Wagenknecht about the program of the right-wing formation to N-TV . It was “not yet clear” in which direction this party is going. “Like us, they are critical of the [German] chancellor’s European policy. There is a lot of overlap”, Wagenknecht said.
With her advances towards the right-wing fringe, Wagenknecht reveals the orientation of her own party, following the example of similar petty bourgeois and pseudo-left groups in other countries. The Greek Coalition of the Radical Left (SYRIZA) recently forged an alliance with right-wing populists. In Eastern Europe, the collaboration of self-proclaimed “left-wing” organizations with far-right and fascist parties is the order of the day.
Lafontaine’s proposals have led to clashes in the Left Party. Chair Katja Kipping argues for the preservation of the European Union and its common currency. She is lining up behind the Merkel government, the SPD and the Greens, who currently uphold the EU and the euro, and use them to attack the social rights of workers throughout Europe.
In the final analysis, the differences between the two viewpoints are minimal from the standpoint of the working class. While Kipping clings to the past policies of social cuts under the dictates of the EU, Lafontaine is seeking to develop new mechanisms to achieve the same goal.
The workers of Europe can only confront the EU’s austerity diktats and break the power of the financial elite by uniting and fighting for the United Socialist States of Europe. Lafontaine is trying to prevent such unity by dividing the working class and stirring up nationalism.»

One more approach:
«German companies in Portugal have rates of productivity similar to those which occur in Germany. In some cases there is even the units located in Portugal occupy prominent places in international rankings of these companies in relation to productivity.» Hans-Joacquim Böhmer (director of Chamber of Commerce and Industry Luso-Germanic)

About hours of work don´t doubts: Portuguese workers works much more than German workers. The problem is the Value Added by hour of work because the activities/the market that Portuguese elites create in Portugal are in lower level with a tyrant like Salazar that rules the country a lot of years with affraid of industry and development, that saved all the gold that he can.

COLIGAÇÃO DO (DES)GOVERNO E TRIGA (TROIKA) II

Laranja apodrecida, azulada (triste representação da coligação PPD/PP) e na sua subserviência à negra coligação conservadora - liberal Germânica que tão mal tem influenciado os destinos da Europa e que se espera que seja derrotada democraticamente, pelas Cidadãs e Cidadãos Alemães!

Foi fatal 
Para a má coligação
Para Portugal 
Apertar desde o início a Nação 
Em vez orientar o Estado para a fácil absorção
Orientá-lo para a criação de Valor 
Para o apoio à Empresa e à Família 
Desaparecia muita dor 
Vão ficar pela negativa na História!

Era mais que altura de mudar
Não continuar a pactuar
Com o parco PPD a tramar
CDS o que vos prende os movimentos? 
São honestos e/ou hipócritas os lamentos?

Do boletim de voto em dois mil e onze
Exigia-se pelo menos o bronze
Não tanta externo-interna subserviência
Que nos esgotou a paciência!

Qual jogo de maricas
Enredados nas trigas
Sim troika traduz-se por triga
Troika + PPD +PP = trica
Ambicionado poder
Mesquinho e vil ser...

Tanta subserviência
Sem justificada dependência
Tem agora os seus mentores
Os merkelistas-schaublistas liberais e conservadores
Grandes e desastrosos manipula dores
A tentarem-se se limpar
Não vá o seu eleitorado não gostar
De ter sido manipulado
E a Alemanha e a Europa ter prejudicado

Primeiro era só um problema grego
Depois dos «PIIGS» parasitas
Que não lhes podiam tirar o sossego
Até ser também dos Latinos-Celtas-Francos socialistas
Cortem férias e salários aos preguiçosos
Tirem empregos e subsídios aos ociosos
Mas e o corte da despesa pública parasitária?
Não há tempo nem arte apesar de necessária
E os restantes abusos de posições dominantes?
É mudar o quanto baste e ficar como dantes
Porque na verdade o que interessou foi vender
Mesmo que ficassem a dever
Automóveis, fármacos e submarinos
Não interessavam as verdadeiras necessidades e destinos


A tóxica banca
Não era e é nenhuma santa
Com tanto capital a circular
Era só inventar o destino a dar
Oligopólios e cartéis
São mais poderosos que eram os reis

Esses maus actores
Coligados liberais e conservadores
Provocaram muitas dores
Sem resolverem o essencial
Pelo contrário agravaram o que é fundamental
Vulnerabilizam ainda mais a Europa e Portugal

As gregas parcas estão-se a preparar
Para o ténue fio cortar
Portugal vai mudar
España va a cambiar
L'Italia sta diventando
Pour la France estamos esperando
România constituie modificarea, está-se a modificar
EUROPA EST TANSMUTARE
O seu desenvolvimento não há quem o pare
A Europa ao horror e à miséria não vai voltar

ITÁLIA V - ITALIA V - ITALY V

MULIER - Amedeo Modigliani:


«Donna» (1918)


«Alice» (1918)

«Margherita» (1916)





«Jeanne Hébuterne» (1918), artist and wife of Amedeo


«Jeanne Hébuterne»(1917, 1918)


«Anna Zborowska»


«Maude Abrantes» (1907), «Dedie Hayden» (1918)


 «Amazon» (1909), «Madame Reynouard» (1916)


«Renée» (1917), «Totote de la Gaîté» (1917)

«Donna» (1916)

«Donna» (1917)

«Il 27 maggio il Parlamento dedicherá una sessione di dibattito sulla violenza contro le donne. Questo grazie all'impegno di tutte/tutti.» Alessandra Moretti (Membro della direzione nazionale del Partito Democratico - PD)

Desidero sentitamente che la sessione parlamentare italiana del 25 maggio può essere un passo decisivo per creare strumenti efficaci per garantire la Libertà delle donne in tutte le sue dimensioni in Italia e nel mondo!

Che deve essere svolta in Essere, che l'Amore prevale su tutti i tipi di tirannie!

I wish with a deep feeling that the Italian parliamentary session of 25 May can be a decisive step to create effective means of ensuring the Freedom of women in all its dimensions in Italy and worldwide. That must be turning into Being, that Love prevails over all kinds of tyrannies!

EUROPA II - EUROPA II - EUROPE II

We create this graphic and this table of Gross Domestic Product (GDP) change rates (source EUROSTAT)  to show how German Government have a lot of «success» in it austerity: as we preview, Germany is now in a negative level (-0,3% of GDP change rate in voolume between firrst quarter of 2012 and first quarter of 2013. Is not good for Germany is not good for Europe this kind of leadership! German Government, Bundesbank culture created big problems to all of Europeans over the big problems of Europe. A lot of sacrifices for deep vicious circles of austerity that create more debt and don´t solve problems.  

In a graphic created by Eurostat we can see how is incredible the obsession with inflaction in a level of 1,2% in a euro area over a deep depression!

http://epp.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/cache/ITY_PUBLIC/2-16052013-AP/EN/2-16052013-AP-EN.PDF

Germans did not have the possibility of stop III Reich-Hitler tiranny over Germany and Europe. But in next democratic elections Germans could change the democratic Government and help Europe to have another kind of policies.

We must remember for never would happen again that tirannies rule over Europe by brutal force:
Cumplicity behind the horrible tyrannies of III-Reich (Hitler) and USSR (Stalin) gave continuity to the begining in Spain (1936) of II Great War in Europe: in 1939 Poland was invaded by Nazi and Sovietic forces! In 1945 Berlin and East Europe fell under horrible Stalin power with millions of victims in all countries. Horrible politicians has the responsability. In Poland, November of1939, a German army officer of major state wrote to him wife: «The advertising more fancifully imagined of horror is nothing compared to the reality, the organized gangs who kill, steal and plunder with what is said to be the tolerance of higher authorities. I'm ashamed to be German!» 
All attempts by Germans to overthrow Hitler failed like in Portugal to stop the tirant Salazar. In 1945 the same horrible Salazar paid homage to Hitler in 3 of May, imposed 3 days of «national mourning» from tyrant to tyrant. Incredible how was possible that United States and Great Britain don´t liberate Portugal from him tyranny!  


The incredible «Invasion of Poland 1939» Listowy (Wikipedia), Creative Commons http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/deed.pt



Warsaw coat of arms - «Syrenka», «Siren», sculpture by Konstanty Hegel (1855)


USSR (leaded by Stalin) and III Reich (leaded by Hitler) propaganda are the responsables for II world war with them pact of 1939, them cumplicity before that and them action in Spain (1936-1939), the begining of the horror!

Ekaterina Svanidze (photo of 1904), wife of the monster Stalin that said about her and him (1907):

«This creature softened my heart of stone. She died and with her died my last warm feelings for humanity» (Simon Sebag-Montefiore «Young Stalin» - 2007)

REFORMA DO ESTADO VII - STATU REFORMATIONI VII - STATE REFORM VII

This is OECD point of view about the reform of the Portuguese State: http://www.oecd.org/portugal/Portugal%20-%20Reforming%20the%20State%20to%20Promote%20Growth.pdf


«Rationalising VAT by further reducing the scope of exemptions and 
reduced rates»
«Portugal used to make extensive use of reduced VAT rates, and the resulting revenue losses
due to policy and imperfect compliance and administration were substantial. Although the
objective of reduced rates is to alleviate the tax burden on low-income households and
support weaker economic sectors, the targeting of such reductions is often poor, and a
large share of the benefits accrues to better-off families. Likewise, applying reduced rates
to some sectors, such as the hospitality industry, is a poor way of supporting low-skill
employment opportunities.
As part of the Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) with the Troika and in line with EU
and OECD recommendations, Portugal has significantly revised the scope of VAT rates,
triggering a wider use of the normal VAT rate from January 2012. The use of VAT
exemptions has also been reduced (e.g. VAT exemption applied to agricultural products was
revoked), in order to achieve greater efficiency. The authorities are advised to build on
recent progress and continue to extend the scope of application of the standard VAT rate.
Social objectives can be met more effectively through the social safety net than by means
of reduced VAT rates.»

This is in page 41 of the OECD report! INCREDIBLE by two ways:
- How is possible that a International Organization have this kind of incompetence or «motivation» in an advise that would prejudice a member like Portugal by an increase to 23% of VAT rate over «hospitality industry» services? HAVE SHAME IN THAT ADVISE! Do you know very well that Spain and France have lower VAT taxes in that services!
- How is possible that you advise an increase of food goods to 23% of VAT rate with an additional pressure to lower and middle classes of income?!!! HAVE SHAME TOO!!!!!

We don´t see a deep analysis about how could Portugal decrease public expenses that don´create value directly or indirectly. This kind of International Organizations have a culture of irresponsiblity and incompetence that we must stop!

In the page 6 of the OECD report we have:


«MAIN FINDINGS AND RECOMMENDATIONS»
 Deep structural reforms are critical to successfully rebalancing the economy, restoring
sustained growth andmaintaining social cohesion.
 The gains from structural reforms are potentially large:
- Already approved pro-competitive reforms in product market regulation, including in
network industries, combined with implemented labour market reforms to reduce
employment protection for regular contracts could boost productivity and potential
GDP by around 3 ½ per cent by 2020.
- Labour market reforms to reduce employment protection for regular contracts will
also promote social cohesion by reducing labour market segmentation.
- Gains to be reaped from further reforms are nonetheless still substantial.
 New sources of growth could be generated by more efficient investment in
infrastructure and innovation, which could help Portugal take better advantage of global
value chains.
 Despite the progress made, human capital remains the Achilles' heel of the Portuguese
economy. Upgrading human capital will require further reforms of education and
occupational training systems, as well as of the functioning of the labour market.
 Wage-setting mechanisms have been an obstacle to regaining competitiveness and have
likely contributed to job losses for the low-skilled. Abolishing administrative extension of
collective agreements beyond cases in which companies account for less than 50% of
employment in a given sector is essential to promote firm-level bargaining and restore
competitiveness.
 Further improvements in the tax code, to shift the burden of taxes away from labour in a
revenue-neutral manner, by further broadening the tax base and increasing
environmental taxes, would also enhance competitiveness and contribute to fairer
income distribution.
 The efficiency of social spending needs to be increased so that poverty prevention
schemes can continue to be sheltered from fiscal adjustment, and in order to address
the medium-term pressures associated with population ageing.
 The State has a key role to play in the design, implementation and monitoring of
reforms, as well through its role as provider of social, education and judicial services.
 Public human resource management reforms are needed to support the structural
reform agenda and lay the groundwork for strides towards a more efficient and effective
State.
 Effective reform of the State requires attention to a range of interdependent issues
aimed at strengthening public administration capacities, resilience and leadership for
the reform tasks ahead. The Centre of Government has a critical role to play in
orchestrating reforms.
 The reform of the State needs to include a strengthening of the institutional and process
framework forsustainable fiscal management.»

ESPANHA - HISPANIA - SPAIN

Muitas águas virão do céu para a terra e para o mar
Muitas realidades irão na História mudar
As Nações Latinas na Península Ibérica apertadas
Devem-se unir na diferença para não serem sufocadas
Todas estão a ser extremamente maltratadas
Por erros próprios, mas também de além Piríneus
Muitas águas irão do mar para os céus

Através de mulheres com intervenção política
Visitemos a situação difícil e crítica
Muita humildade é necessária
Para compreender a posição contrária
Passadas arrogâncias não são bons caminhos
Não nos levam a bons destinos

Afirmemos na Europa o que nos é comum e fundamental
A nossa profunda e criativa Latinidade
Que se manifesta em toda a sua cultura e actualidade
Desde o Atlântico e pequeno grande PORTUCALE, Portugal
Até às Mediterrânicas e TARRACONENSIS VALENTIA e CATALONIA
Deste as nortistas e centrais CASTELLA e  LEGIO-LEIONE até à BAETICA, ANDALUSIA
Desde a Atlântica GALICIA até à ARAGONIA
Desde a romântica LUSITANIA
Até à distante TRANSILVANIA, amiga ROMANIA



Soraya Sáenz de Santamaría (vice-presidente do Governo de Espanha, 3-5-2013):

_ «Este último año se ha reducido el número de trabajadores en 300.000. Esa cifra pone de manifiesto que se está llevando a cabo un ajuste de la Administración pública»

«Por primera vez tiene una ley orgánica de estabilidad financiera. Hemos introducido un principio de responsabilidad...Se ha puesto en marcha un redimensionamiento del sector público empresarial; se ha reducido en 115 el número de consejeros de las Administraciones públicas; y por primera vez se ha puesto tope a los directivos de las empresas públicas»

«No se reforma la Administración pública en una hora y no se reforma bien... Es una reforma difícil y no es de las que se hace de la noche a la mañana».

«Ahora tenemos en marcha una reforma de la Administración local y una reforma de las Administraciones públicas, y bienvenidos aquellos dirigentes, en este caso de partidos autonómicos que estén dispuestos a trabajar y aceptar que tendremos que cambiar y mucho, también en el ámbito autonómico, para conseguir esos objetivos de reforma».

Esta é a resposta a Esperanza Aguirre (líder do PP de Madrid. 2-5-2013) que criticou fortemente o aumentos de impostos e que defendeu o cortes de despesas públicas:
_ «No solo las Administraciones sino las empresas públicas y cuestiones que no necesariamente deben prestar la Administración deben ser reducidas, privatizadas o suprimidas»

Antes, na Catalunha, sob pressão de forças independentistas (vontade de realizar um referendo a esse propósito, liderado pelo líder do Governo da Catalunha, Mas) e/ou mais autonómicas:

Alícia Sanchez-Camacho, presidente do PP Català:

«No puede ser que desde Cataluña se pague y que luego ese dinero a otras comunidades se invierta en gastos varios (...). Que no cuestionen el modelo que defendemos. Que trabajen por el suyo propio y que nos dejen escoger el nuestro sin cuestionar nuestras aspiraciones legítimas» (4-4-2013)

«Si mi partido no lo acepta o no se llega a consensos, valoraré las consecuencias, porque para nosotros es una prioridad. Espero que no sea así y prefiero ponerme en lo mejor que en lo peor, porque creo que con amenazas u ofensivas no se consigue nada» (6-4-2013)

Alícia Sanchez-Camacho no contexto da grave crise financeira refere-se a um modelo de financiamento da Catalunha mais virado para si própria, menos solidário com o «despesismo» das outras «Comunidades Nacionais».

Questionada sobre as afirmações de Alicia que exigiu a Cristóbal Montoro um défice para 2013 de 1,8% > 1,2% da média definida pelo Governo para as «Comunidades Autónomas», Soraya respondeu (10-5-2013): «Es bueno que cada uno defienda lo suyo».

Esperanza Aguirre defendeu listas eleitorais abertas, que diminuem o poder das lideranças partidárias: «Apoyo el sistema electoral alemán para que los electores elijan directamente a sus representantes».

Esperanza Aguirre numa homenagem a um dissidente cubano.


Susana Díaz, Conselheira da Presidência e da Igualdade da «Junta de Andalucia» (PSOE+EU) anunciou para breve a finalização do Projecto-Lei sobre fraude fiscal e social, que pretende adicionar o critério património ao critério rendimento na atribuição de bonificações e subsídios às famílias da Andaluzia, mais uma consequência da crise financeira das «Comunidades».


Carme Chacón do Partit dels Socialistes de Catalunya (PSC), ex candidata à liderança do PSOE, entrou em ruptura com a liderança do partido acerca do referendo sobre a Catalunha (CATALONIA):

«No puedo apoyar esa resolución [sobre el derecho a decidir de los ciudadanos de Cataluña mediante un referéndum legal] porque supone un proyecto de ruptura de Cataluña con España.»
«El presente y el futuro de Carme Chacón es insignificante, cuando de lo que estamos hablando es de la defensa de millones de españoles y de catalanes que quieren seguir juntos y por eso voy a trabajar: por una Cataluña y una España hermanada dentro de Europa».


A II Grande Guerra começou na realidade em Espanha, A TODAS AS SUAS VÍTIMAS A NOSSA PROFUNDA E SENTIDA HOMENAGEM! QUE OS TIRANOS, IGNORANTES E FANÁTICOS NUNCA MAIS CONSIGAM PÔR EM CAUSA AS SAGRADAS VIDA E LIBERDADE DAS PESSOAS E CAUSAR TANTA DESTRUIÇÃO NA EUROPA, COMO O CONSEGUIRAM HITLER E STALIN! QUE O AMOR PREVALEÇA SOBRE A TIRANIA, A IGNORÂNCIA E O FANATISMO!

Em 1936 um golpe de Estado liderado por Franco contra o regime republicano democrático vai despoletar uma guerra em que os tiranos Hitler (Alemanha), Mussolini (Itália), Salazar (Portugal) e Stalin (União Soviética) vão ter uma acção horrorosa e desastrosa para a Espanha e para a Europa!
O golpe dividiu a Espanha em duas partes com forças de armas relativamente semelhantes: por um lado os Republicanos mais desunidos, que iam dos liberais até aos anarquistas, passando por socialistas e comunistas; por outro os «nacionales», mais unidos, que iam desde fascistas a monárquicos.
O monstruoso Stalin vendeu armas obsoletas, tanques e aviões pagos com reservas de ouro do Banco de Espanha e teve uma atitude ambígua no conflito, sendo um claro fomentador de divisões no seio dos republicanos.
O monstruoso Hitler não teve qualquer ambiguidade: apoio directo e esmagador aos fascistas, preparando na Península o terreno para ter sob a sua influência ideológica e política Espanha e Portugal, e colocar com o pacto germano-soviético de 1939, toda a pressão entre o Leste e o Oeste, da Polónia até França.
Muitas forças de Inglaterra estavam a favor da vitória dos «nacionales».

«Mapa general de la Guerra Civil Española (1936-1939)» Tik (Wikipedia) com a licença de utilização http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/deed.en Leyenda:    Zona nacional inicial - julio 1936    Avance nacional hasta septiembre de 1936    Avance nacional hasta octubre de 1937    Avance nacional hasta novimebre de 1938    Avance nacional hasta febrero de 1939    Última zona bajo control republicano Principales centros de los nacionales Principales centros republicanos Batallas terrestres Batallas navales Ciudades bombardeadas Campos de concentración Masacres Campos de refugiados

«MANTER O RUMO» ATÉ O PRECIPÍCIO - «UT CUSTODIANT VIAM» AD RUPEM - «KEEP THE WAY» TO THE PRECIPICE

«Cuadrado con círculos inscritos y circunscritos»

O Ministro das Finanças Alemão Wolfang Schäuble num pequeno texto intitulado «Manter o Rumo» (Expresso - Revista 11-5-2013, tradução de Aida Macedo) dedicado ao seu "lacaio", o quadrático e subserviente Ministro das Finanças Português, Vítor Gaspar, expressa no Expresso o seguinte, que revela bem como o círculo do Governo Alemão delimita o quadrado (Governo Português - Ministro das Finanças), que por sua vez delimita o círculo «o modelo para Portugal desfasado da sua realidade», que a ciência da psicologia política pode estudar com bastante interesse:

«Ao observar quanto Portugal mudou nos últimos dois anos, (...) quando a história do seu renascimento económico for escrita (...) um dos seus protagonistas seja (...) o meu amigo e colega Vítor Gaspar (...) contribuição decisiva - talvez a contribuição decisiva - para as políticas que colocaram Portugal firmemente no caminho da recuperação. (...) As boas políticas começam por um diagnóstico correcto (...) fiquei impressionado com a lucidez com que ele identificou não apenas as origens da situação difícil de Portugal - um declínio de competitividade que foi sendo ocultada pelas baixas taxa de juro - mas também as falhas das tentativas anteriores para a corrigir, principalmente ao tentar estimular a procura. Ele também previu correctamente que a união monetária e as suas restrições poderiam ser aproveitadas para enfrentar os desafios do país. (...). Como os alemães sabem muito bem, reparar economias em dificuldades tem um custo. As reformas no mercado de trabalho, os cortes dos benefícios, os aumentos de impostos podem ser profundamente impopulares e podem até prejudicar o crescimento no curto prazo. A pressão sobre o governo para mudar de rumo pode ser esmagadora. Imperturbável, o ministro Gaspar manteve o rumo. Sob a sua direcção firme, Portugal construiu um registo imaculado na aplicação das reformas desenvolvidas pelo seu Governo, pelo FMI, pela Comissão Europeia e pelo BCE. (...) este trabalho e os esforços do povo português começam a dar frutos (...) competitividade que volta a surgir no país, pelo aumento das exportações e a queda dos défices. (...).» Wolfang Schäuble

A manipulação e o autismo combinados configuração uma situação de alta traição a Portugal:
I - O DIAGÓSTICO-PROGNÓSTICO NÃO ERA CORRECTO
O esforço de aumento de competitividade, de internacionalização e de exportação por parte das empresas é anterior ao Programa de Ajustamento iniciado em 2011, o Mercado Interno já há muito tempo que estava condicionado e viva de empolamentos identificados; a questão fundamental era libertar Portugal de jogos de soma negativa (abusos de posição dominante, com total cumplicidadade da Sociedade Política), de um Estado que absorve mais valor do que contribui para a sua criação, de factores que condicionam a acção das empresas na criação de valor. A falta de ética na culpabilização dos Países Latinos com omissão das responsabilidades que se evidenciaram com a crise financeira, por parte do centro Germânico, com o forte empolamento de mercados internos sem sustentação, que beneficiaram as exportações da Alemanha (bens de equipamento, incluindo automóveis, química-farmacêutica, bens alimentares). O estímulo à procura na indústria automóvel por reacção à crise, deu espaço a despesas públicas na Europa e em Portugal incorrectas. O corte do financiamento a Portugal criou ainda mais problemas e círculos viciosos.
II - A TERAPÊUTICA FOI INCORRECTÍSSIMA
A tributação e a desvalorização induzidas esmagaram ainda mais as Empresas e as Famílias (insolvências, desemprego), que sem qualquer medida já teriam graves problemas no Mercado Interno muito condicionado, mas que com a terapêutica aplica ainda por cima com sobredose, tornou o Mercado Interno ainda mais desvalorizado o que limitou também as Exportações (as empresas exportadoras dependiam em média em 2/3 da Procura Interna), adensando-se ainda mais os círculos viciosos. Não foram tomadas as medidas necessárias de redução das despesas públicas que não criam valor, baseadas numa profunda reforma do Estado em vez da brutal tributação viciadora, o caminho mais fácil mas indutor de círculos viciosos, como só agora Mario Draghi reconhece). Não foram tomadas as medidas de apoio à competitividade e de diminuição dos abusos de posição dominante, sendo as ditas «reformas estruturais» meios para vulnerabilizar ainda mais os mais fracos e a solidariedade social, numa altura em que a mesma é mais necessária. Não foram tocados as posições viciadas e não sustentadas. Como é que tudo isto pode ser elogiado? Só porque houve uma forte diminuição das necessidades de financiamento da Economia, apesar do Estado não ter contribuído como deveria e ter aumentado e muito a dívida pública (BPN, Madeira, autarquias, empresas públicas, mesmo com a venda da EDP, REN e ANA), por causa do esforço das Empresas e das Famílias, com a Banca a mostrar uma perigosa situação de inutilidade: não serve para conceder crédito, não serve para garantir as poupanças e os depósitos, serve para quê? Para se financiar no BCE e financiar as empresas em oligopólio, em cartel e os buracos do Estado ainda existentes? Esta situação é gravíssima!
As Exportações denotam quebras em relação ao bom ano de 2012, o ano de 2013 poderá evidenciar a falência da política seguida pelo Governo e pela Troika, com novo aumento das necessidades de financiamento num patamar de miserabilidade ainda mais acentuado.
A emissão de dívida pública a longo prazo por parte do Estado Português só foi possível por causa da melhoria da pressão sobre a zona euro, após a intervenção psicológica do BCE em 2012. Não existe qualquer mérito do Governo, para além da subserviência ao que o Governo Alemão queria e que na gestão das suas poupanças no apoio ao euro, cobriu também Portugal, muito por força da cobertura das ameaças na Itália e na Espanha. Se não tivesse sido chumbado o PEC IV, o caminho para Portugal poderia ter sido bem diferente, a ambição pelo poder sem qualquer capacidade para o exercer, consideramos de alta traição a Portugal, às Portuguesas e aos Portugueses que sofreram ainda mais, que tornaram os erros do anterior Governo, menores em termos relativos.

EM VEZ DE «MANTER O RUMO» ATÉ AO PRECIPÍCIO COMO O FEZ SALAZAR, COMO O FEZ HITLER ARRASTANDO AS SUAS NAÇÕES PARA UM GRANDE DESASTRE, ERA FUNDAMENTAL «MUDAR DE RUMO» PARA TENTAR EVITAR ESSE PRECIPÍCIO! ELOGIAR A FIRMEZA NESSE RUMO DESASTROSO PARA PORTUGAL, NÃO É TAMBÉM BOM PARA A ALEMANHA E PARA A EUROPA, QUE ESTÁ A MERGULHAR NUMA RECESSÃO POR IRRESPONSABILIDADE DA LIDERANÇA DO GOVERNO ALEMÃO, QUE SE ESPERA QUE SEJA DERRUBADO PELOS ALEMÃES NAS ELEIÇÕES DESTE ANO, QUE FAÇA A ALEMANHA MUDAR DE RUMO E TER UMA LIDERANÇA MAIS RESPONSÁVEL E FAVORÁVEL À EUROPA E AO MUNDO!
NÃO NOS PARECE QUE A ALEMANHA APÓS A SEGUNDA GUERRA MUNDIAL QUE DESENCADEOU, TENHA TIDO ESTE TIPO DE APOIO DA EUROPA E DOS E.U.A. PARA CONSEGUIR RECUPERAR E TRANSFORMAR A SUA INDÚSTRIA MILITAR NUMA INDÚSTRIA DE BENS EQUIPAMENTO E QUÍMICO-FARMACÊUTICO COM SUCESSO, BEM COMO A RDA SOVIETIZADA TENHA SIDO ASFIXIADA APÓS A LIBERTAÇÃO DA URSS ...

O GOVERNO É CEGO, SURDO E MUDO PERANTE A REALIDADE, aqui representada pela jornalista Beatriz Jalón a tentar questionar o Primeiro Ministro sobre a mesma ...